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All Journal International Journal of Supply Chain Management Journal of Law and Legal Reform
Efa Laela Fakhriah
Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Transportation

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Adat Court in the Context of Supply Chain Legal Pluralism Management in Indonesia Hazar Kusmayanti; Efa Laela Fakhriah; Bambang Daru Nugroho; Djanuardi Djanuardi
International Journal of Supply Chain Management Vol 9, No 6 (2020): International Journal of Supply Chain Management (IJSCM)
Publisher : International Journal of Supply Chain Management

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Abstract

The Indonesian supply chain legal system in which there are three recognized laws, namely the customary supply chain legal system, the Islamic supply chain legal system and Western law, the three laws are mutually sustainable with each other to achieve the same goal, but in the course of the three laws follow the rules contained in the law. Scholars call this supply chain legal Plurarism. The issue of supply chain legal pluralism is the resolution of customary disputes through adat courts, which formally there is no supply chain legal juridical formal in Indonesia. Researchers will try to examine the position of Adat Court in the context of supply chain legal pluralism in Indonesia and know the practice of Adat  courts in Indonesia.Supply chain legal pluralism launches criticism of what John Griffiths called the ideology of supply chain legal centralism. Supply chain legal centralism interprets the law as "state law" which applies uniformly to all people who are in the country's jurisdiction. Thus, there is only one law and its judicial institution that is enforced in a country, namely state law and state justice. As is well known, the main problems of state justice are the achievement of the principle of fast, simple and light, convoluted dispute resolution, accumulation of cases and the significant cost of the parties makes the role of adat justice very necessary. The types of problem solving offered by the formal supply chain legal system also sometimes get different views and are considered inadequate and lack the sense of justice of the people who still hold their own supply chain legal traditions. In practice, customary courts in some regions still function well, especially for areas that are very thick with customary law and their communities are still subject to customary law. As in Minangkabau, the traditional court is known as the Density of Nagari Adat, in Aceh known as the traditional court of Sarak Opat, the local government also supports the existence of a customary court by establishing regional regulations which limit the disputes which must be tried in an adat court or court country.
Integrating AI into Small Claims Courts: Lessons from Global Practices for Legal Reform in Indonesia Dwi Bintang Satrio; Artaji Artaji; Efa Laela Fakhriah; Chami Yassine
Journal of Law and Legal Reform Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January, 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jllr.v7i1.24028

Abstract

Indonesia’s civil judicial system persists in facing procedural inefficiencies, especially with small claims, notwithstanding the implementation of the e-Court system. The lack of intelligent assistance in this digital infrastructure obstructs the achievement of efficient, rapid, and cost-effective adjudication as required by law. This study seeks to investigate the potential incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) into Indonesia’s small claims process as a tool for legislative and institutional change. The research used a normative legal methodology, incorporating statutory and comparative analyses, to derive insights from the regulatory frameworks and judicial innovations of China, Singapore, and Canada. These jurisdictions have effectively utilized AI for claim classification, procedural assistance, and facilitating access for self-represented litigants, according to the results. In contrast to traditional digital technologies, AI facilitates cognitive capabilities like pattern identification and legal triage, which can substantially reduce administrative burdens and improve judicial uniformity. The study presents a reform approach for Indonesia that integrates AI in the initial procedural phases—specifically in claim registration and preliminary review—while maintaining judicial independence and due process. This study’s originality resides in its integration of comparative law, legal technology, and Indonesian procedural realities to present a contextually relevant, ethically informed paradigm for AI-enhanced adjudication. If properly regulated and strategically implemented, this integration can convert small claims courts into more accessible, efficient, and equitable institutions, reinforcing the judiciary’s constitutional responsibility in providing substantive justice.
Co-Authors Artaji Artaji Bambang Daru Nugroho Chami Yassine Djanuardi, Monica L. Dwi Bintang Satrio Hazar Kusmayanti