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Yateman Arryanto
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

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The Effect of Caramelization and Carbonization Temperatures toward Structural Properties of Mesoporous Carbon from Fructose with Zinc Borosilicate Activator Tutik Setianingsih; Indriana Kartini; Yateman Arryanto
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 14, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (595.66 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.21236

Abstract

Mesoporous carbon was prepared from fructose using zinc borosilicate (ZBS) activator. The synthesis involves caramelization and carbonization processes. The effect of both process temperature toward porosity and functional group of carbon surface are investigated in this research. The caramelization was conducted hydrothermally at 85 and 100 °C, followed by thermally 130 °C. The carbonization was conducted at various temperatures (450–750 °C). The carbon-ZBS composite were washed by using HF 48% solution, 1M HCl solution, and aquadest respectively to remove ZBS from the carbon. The carbon products were characterized with nitrogen gas adsorption-desorption method, FTIR spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction, and Transmission Electron Microscopy. The highest mesopore characteristics is achieved at 100 °C (caramelization) and 450 °C (carbonization), including Vmeso about 2.21 cm3/g (pore cage) and 2.32 cm3/g (pore window) with pore uniformity centered at 300 Å (pore cage) and 200 Å (pore window), containing the surface functional groups of C=O and OH, degree of graphitization about 57% and aromaticity fraction about 0.68.
MODIFIED KAOLIN WITH CATIONIC SURFACTANT FOR GIBBERELLIC ACID CARRIER MATERIALS Sunardi Sunardi; Utami Irawati; Yateman Arryanto; Sutarno Sutarno
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 11, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (850.336 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.21427

Abstract

Synthesis of surfactant modified kaolin from natural kaolin from Tatakan, Tapin, South Kalimantan and its application for carrier material of gibberellic acid have been conducted. The kaolin modification was done by surface engineering using cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (C16TMABr). The characterizations of kaolin and surfactant modified kaolin were carried out by XRF, SEM, XRD, FTIR and TGA/DTA. The adsorption capacity of kaolin was determined by Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The result showed that kaolin from Tatakan, South Kalimantan consist of kaolinite, halloysite, quartz, chlorite, and christobalite. Surface modification using cationic surfactant showed that increasing surfactant content onto kaolin was proportional to the amount of surfactant loaded. Gibberellic acid was partitioned into the organic phase created by the surfactant tails of the C16TMA+ modified kaolin. The calculations result by Langmuir adsorption isotherm model showed that the highest increasing adsorption capacity occurred on surfactant modified kaolin with surfactant/CEC ratio of 2.0, with the adsorption capacity of 28.41 mg/g.
Co-Authors Indriana Kartini Sunardi, Ph.D., Sunardi Sutarno Sutarno Tutik Setianingsih Utami Irawati