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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
Suyanta Suyanta
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

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UTILIZATION OF RICE HUSK AS RAW MATERIAL IN SYNTHESIS OF MESOPOROUS SILICATES MCM-41 Suyanta Suyanta; Agus Kuncaka
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 11, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (349.649 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.21393

Abstract

The research about synthesis and characterization of MCM-41 from rice husk has been done. Silica (SiO2) was extracted from rice husk by refluxing with 3M hydrochloric solution at 80 °C for 3 h. The acid-leached rice husk was filtered, washed, dried and calcined at 650 °C for 6 h lead the rough powder of rice husk silica with light brown in color. Characterization was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and FTIR spectroscopy method. Rice husk silica was dissolved into the sodium hydroxide solution leading to the solution of sodium silicate, and used as silica source for the synthesis of MCM-41. MCM-41 was synthesized by hydrothermal process to the mixture prepared from 29 g of distilled water, 8.67 g of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTMAB), 9.31 g of sodium silicate solution, and amount mL of 1 M H2SO4. Hydrothermal process was carried out at 100 °C in a teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave heated in the oven for 36 h. The solid phase was filtered, then washed with deionised water, and dried in the oven at 100 °C for 2 h. The surfactant CTMAB was removed by calcination at 550 °C for 10 h with heating rate 2 °C/min. The as-synthesized and calcined crystals were characterized by using FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and N2 physisorption methods. In order to investigate the effect of silica source, the same procedure was carried out by using pure sodium silicate as silica source. It was concluded that silica extracted from rice husk can be used as raw materials in the synthesis of MCM-41, there is no significant difference in crystallinity and pore properties when was compared to material produced from commercial sodium silicate.
Coating of L-Arginine Modified Silica on Magnetite through Two Different Sol-Gel Routes Amaria Amaria; Suyanta Suyanta; Nuryono Nuryono
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 17, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (365.58 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.22521

Abstract

In this research, magnetite coated with L-arginine modified silica (Fe3O4/SiO2-GPTMS-Arg) has been synthesized through a sol-gel process at a room temperature in two Routes. In Route 1, a precursor of sodium silicate solution (source of SiO2), 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) as a coupling agent and L-arginine (Arg) as the source of functional groups were added sequentially to magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4). Gelling was carried out by adding HCl solution dropwise to the mixture to reach pH of 7.0. The product was washed with water and ethanol and then dried at 65 °C for 1 day. In Route 2, sodium silicate solution was added to a mixture of GPTMS and L-arginine, and then the sol obtained was added into magnetite nanoparticles. The results were characterized with FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, atomic absorption spectroscopy and volumetric method to identify functional groups, crystal size, iron ions released and amino groups content, respectively. The results showed that Fe3O4/SiO2-GPTMS-Arg has been successfully synthesized through both two routes. Route 1, however, gave product of Fe3O4/SiO2-GPTMS-Arg more stable and more content of amino groups than Route 2. The presence of amino groups leads to the application of the product for metal ion removal from aqueous solution.
Ultrasonic-Assisted Transesterification of Tripalmitin Using Limestone-Derived CaO Catalyst Rakhma Amalia Nurdina; Yuichi Kamiya; Adhi Dwi Hatmanto; Fajar Inggit Pambudi; Suyanta Suyanta; Nuryono Nuryono
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2025: BCREC Volume 20 Issue 4 Year 2025 (December 2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20456

Abstract

In producing palm oil-based biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters) through the transesterification of triglycerides with methanol, a high-performance and straightforward catalyst is required. This research studies the synthesis and characterization of limestone-derived calcium oxide as a heterogeneous base catalyst for the transesterification of tripalmitin, a representation of palm oil triglycerides, with methanol to produce methyl palmitate. Limestone was calcined at 800 °C to produce CaO. The resulting catalyst was characterized using TGA, XRD, FTIR, SAA, and CO2-TPD. The catalytic performance was compared with that of commercial calcium oxide under optimal reaction conditions, namely 50 °C temperature, 60 min reaction time, and 30 mg catalyst mass. The results showed that limestone-derived CaO produced a higher yield (44.6%) than commercial CaO (32.3%). The kinetics study showed that the reaction followed a two-order pseudo-kinetic model with a reaction rate constant value of 0.1450 L mmol-1 min-1. Overall, limestone-derived CaO proved to be an effective, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly alternative catalyst in the production of triglyceride-based biodiesel. Furthermore, the modification of CaO to enhance the catalytic activity needs to be explored further. Copyright © 2025 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Co-Authors Adhi Dwi Hatmanto Agus Kuncaka Amaria Amaria Fajar Inggit Pambudi Nuryono Nuryono Rakhma Amalia Nurdina Yuichi Kamiya