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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

Abdurahman Hamid Nour

Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia

Author-ID : 3961053

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

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Articles

Screening of Microwave-Assisted-Batch Extraction Parameters for Recovering Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents from Chromolaena odorata Leaves through Two-Level Factorial Design Oluwaseun Ruth Alara; Abdurahman Hamid Nour; Siti Kholijah binti Abdul Mudalip
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of phenolic compounds from Chromolaena odorata leaves was investigated using one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) and two-level factorial design. The MAE parameters studied were irradiation time (A: 1–5 min); microwave power level (B: 400-800 W); extraction temperature (C: 60–80 °C); solvent/feed ratio (D: 8:1–14:1 mL/g); and ethanol concentration (E: 20–60% v/v). The optima yields of TPC and TFC were 56.13 mg GAE/g d.w. and 44.78 mg QE/g d.w., respectively were achieved from MAE of C. odorata leaf at irradiation time of 2 min, microwave power of 600 W, temperature of 60 °C, solvent:feed ratio of 10:1 mL/g, and ethanol concentration of 40% v/v through one-factor-at-time (OFAT) experimental trials. The results obtained from a two-level factorial design experiments reflected that only ethanol concentration (20–60% v/v), irradiation time (1–5 min) and microwave power level (400–800 W) had significant effects on the yields of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) from C. odorata leaves (p < 0.05). However, temperature and solvent/feed ratio was not significant. In addition, the interactions AB (irradiation time and microwave power) and AE (irradiation time and ethanol concentration) contributed greatly to the recovery yields.

Extraction of Phytosterol Concentration in Different Legume Pods by Using Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation Noormazlinah Noormazlinah; Norlaili Hashim; Abdurahman Hamid Nour; Mimi Sakinah Abdul Munaim; Maria Pilar Almajano; Nurul Bahirah
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The traditional ways in the extraction of bioactive compounds using conventional methods are disadvantageous from both economic and environmental perspectives. In this, the potential of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation conditions for extraction of phytosterol from legume pods was investigated. Salkowski test performed on the legume pod has shown the reddish brown in all sample which confirmed the presence of phytosterol qualitatively. Liebermann-Burchard procedure and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) apparatus were used to study the concentration of phytosterol at different extraction parameters which are temperature (25–80 °C), solvent concentration (50–100% v/v), irradiation time (1–10 min) and microwave power (400–800 W). The optimal conditions for highest yield of extract (0.219 mg/L) were obtained at a microwave power of 600 W, the irradiation time of 6 min, and ethanol concentration of 75% v/v. Results obtained in this study have shown the capability of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation in the extraction of phytosterol from legume pod. Further works are nevertheless required to provide a deeper understanding of the mechanisms involved to facilitate the development of an optimum system applicable to the industry.

Co-Authors Maria Pilar Almajano Mimi Sakinah Abdul Munaim Noormazlinah Noormazlinah Norlaili Hashim Nurul Bahirah Oluwaseun Ruth Alara Siti Kholijah binti Abdul Mudalip

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