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Ibrahim Sani
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Kebbi State, Nigeria
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology

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Isolation, Partial Purification and Median Lethal Dose of Antipyretic Agent from Khaya senegalensis Leaf Extracts Ibrahim Sani; Angela Nnenna Ukwuani-Kwaja; Timothy Eromosele Ehebha
Journal La Lifesci Vol. 2 No. 3 (2021): Journal La Lifesci
Publisher : Newinera Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37899/journallalifesci.v2i3.416

Abstract

This research was designed to evaluate the antipyretic activity of K. senegalensis leaf extract with the view of isolating and identifying the active components. The K. senegalensis leaf was extracted using 90% methanol and further fractionated with hexane, ethylacetate, n-butanol and distilled water.The qualitative phytochemical screening was carried out using standard methods.The crude extract and the fractions were screened for antipyretic activity using 15%w/v brewer’s yeast induced pyrexia on Albino rats. The components of the most active fraction were further separated using column and thin layer chromatographic techniques on silica gel. LD50 of the most active fraction was determined using probit analysis. The results of the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, phenols, steroids and cardiac glycosides in both the crude extract and its fractions. The crude extract at 400 mg/kg b.w. showed the highest antipyretic activity compared to the other doses tested. Hexane fraction showed the highest antipyretic activity among the other fractionated extracts. The LD50 of the hexane fraction was found to be 831.76 mg/kg b.w. The column chromatographic separation of the hexane extract yielded 60 fractions (F1 to F60). After TLC separation, fractions with similar profile were pooled together yielding eleven (11) pooled fractions (PF1 to PF11). Antipyretic activities of the pooled fractions showed that PF8 exhibited the highest activity. These findings suggested that, K. senegalensis leaf has significant antipyretic activity which can be considered for the development of antipyretic agent from natural resources.
Production and Screening of Streptomyces-Extracellular Chitinase Ibrahim Sani; Aminu Argungu Umar; Evelyn Uzoamaka Udeze
Journal La Lifesci Vol. 2 No. 4 (2021): Journal La Lifesci
Publisher : Newinera Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37899/journallalifesci.v2i4.425

Abstract

The aim of this research was to produce Streptomyces-extracellular chitinase and screen its antifungal activity on a clinically isolated Candida albicans. The Streptomyces were isolated from an agricultural farmland; they were identified and screened for the chitinase production. Effects of time, temperature, pH and nitrogen sources on the chitinase production were determined using standard methods. Ammonium sulphate precipitation was used to partially purify the chitinase. Protein concentrations were determined spectrophotometrically using bovine serum albumin as standard. Agar-well diffusion method was used to evaluate the antifungal activity of the chitinase on C. albicans. The isolated Streptomyces were of three (3) strains, and all the strains are Gram positive, catalase positive, oxidase positive while, Strain A and C are indole positive and only Strain B is citrate positive. The maximum chitinase production was at 72 h, 40°C and when yeast extract was used as the nitrogen source. Ammonium sulphate (80%) precipitation yielded the highest enzyme activity of 39.0U/ml. The maximum enzyme activity was observed at temperature of 40oC, pH 5.5 and 1.0% colloidal chitin (substrate). The partially purified chitinase showed a zone of inhibition of 20.11 ± 1.26 mm against the Candida albicans. This result has no significant difference (P>0.05) when compared with that of the standard drug (Fluconazole) with 21.42 ± 0.08 mm zone of inhibition. These findings suggest that Streptomyces at favourable conditions produce chitinase, and this enzyme can be used as an antifungal agent on Candida albicans and other chitin containing fungi.
Co-Authors Aminu Argungu Umar Angela Nnenna Ukwuani-Kwaja Evelyn Uzoamaka Udeze Timothy Eromosele Ehebha