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All Journal Jurnal Teknik ITS Turbo : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin JMES The International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences
Atok Setiyawan
Department Of Mechanical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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Studi Modifikasi Pembangkit Listrik Siklus Ganda Cogeneration Menggunakan Software Cycle Tempo Sri Wahyuni Widiyaningtias; Atok Setiyawan
Jurnal Teknik ITS Vol 8, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (DRPM), ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (486.809 KB) | DOI: 10.12962/j23373539.v8i2.48507

Abstract

Salah satu industri yang menerapkan sistem kogenerasi adalah PT. Ajinomoto Indonesia (PT AI) yang berlokasi di kabupaten Mojokerto. Pembangkit kogenerasi yang terdapat di PT AI yaitu pembangkit listrik tenaga gas uap (PLTGU)  yang memproduksi listrik sebesar 12 MW dan dilengkapi 3 coal boiler untuk memenuhi kebutuhan uap dalam proses industri sebesar 100 Ton/h. Pembangkit kogenerasi yang terdapat di PT AI belum pernah dilakukan modifikasi untuk mendapatkan efisiensi pembangkit yang lebih tinggi. Oleh sebab itu maka perlu dilakukan perhitungan ulang efisiensi pembangkit kogenerasi serta melakukan modifikasi pembangkit kogenerasi di PT AI menggunakan Software Cycle tempo. Hal ini dikarenakan perhitungan dan modifikasi menggunakan Software Cycle tempo dinilai lebih mudah dan efektif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan beberapa tahapan. Pada tahapan awal dilakukan identifikasi masalah dengan melakukan studi lapangan di PT AI. Dari masalah yang didapat kemudian dilakukan simulasi pemodelan pembangkit dalam kondisi existing. Setelah itu, dilakukan simulasi tiga pemodelan pembangkit dalam kondisi yang telah dimodifikasi yaitu pada pemodelan pertama modifikasi dilakukan dengan menghilangkan komponen coal boiler, pemodelan kedua modifikasi dilakukan dengan menambahkan Preheater dan pemodelan ketiga modifikasi dilakukan dengan mengganti komponen superheater 1 menjadi reheater. Dari masing-masing pemodelan didapatkan hasil berupa nett power, dan masukan kalor. Hasil dari pemodelan dalam kondisi existing dan sesudah dimodifikasi ini kemudian diolah untuk mendapatkan nilai efisiensi pembangkit dari masing-masing pemodelan yang selanjutnya dibandingkan dan dilakukan analisa. Berdasarkan simulasi Software Cycle tempo yang dilakukan pada laju aliran massa uap yang sama untuk proses industri, didapatkan hasil efisiensi pembangkit kogenerasi PT AI pada kondisi existing, modifikasi penghilangan coal boiler, penambahan Preheater, dan penggantian superheater 1 menjadi reheater berturut-turut sebesar 69,34%; 87,44%; 69,36 dan 70,18%.
The Effect of Compression Ratio on a Diesel Engine Fueled with a Mixture of Medium Sulfur High Speed Diesel and Ethanol Atok Setiyawan; Arif Fadhlullah
JMES The International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences Vol 3, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : LPPM, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25807471.v3i2.9388

Abstract

Various design modifications made by transportation equipment companies aim to increase the efficiency of fuel consumption. One of them is by reducing the dIndonesia relies on the use of fossil fuels (conventional), particularly in the fields of industry, transportation, and power generation systems. Fossil fuels are not sustainable energy sources, so their availability is limited. To reduce dependence on fossil fuels and reduce the negative impact on the environment, it is necessary to conduct research on energy sources, especially renewable and environmentally friendly ones. Bioethanol is a form of renewable energy that can be produced from plants. So that the use of fossil fuels can be replaced by ethanol fuel, especially for spark-ignition engines (SIE). However, when used in compressed ignition engines (CIE), plant fuels or vegetable oils have weaknesses that affect CIE performance, such as cetane number, calorific value, etc. so that engineering related to the fuel and engine is needed. This study will examine the effect of changes in the compression ratio in CIE fueled by a mixture of Indonesia medium sulfur content of Diesel Fuel (commercially name: Dexlite), Ethanol, and Emulsifier Tween 80 on engine performance and emissions. The results showed that the 10% emulsifier was used in all fuel mixtures because the separation time was the longest. After determining the emulsifier level, the DEX70 (70% Dexlite - 30% Ethanol) and DEX 80 (80% Dexlite - 20% Ethanol) fuels were determined because they have the best characteristics for exhaust gas emission parameters. Then, by changing the compression ratio on the engine, there is a change in engine performance and emission parameters. For DEX80 and DEX70 with CR 17.9 have the maximum brake thermal efficiency (BTE) as much as 25.52% and 25.16% respectively at maximum load, higher than Dexlite with CR 17.9 in which BTE as much as around only 24%. Increasing compression ratio significantly decrease smoke opacity of exhaust gas. DEX80 with CR 17 and CR 16 experienced an increase in smoke opacity by (175.41%) and (3.11%) against DEX80 with CR 17.9. Meanwhile, DEX70 with CR 17 and CR 16 experienced an increase in smoke opacity by (17.01%) and (236.05%) against DEX80 CR 17.9.
Penggunaan bahan bakar terbarukan (biodiesel-hydrogen) pada mesin Diesel Dual Fuel untuk mendukung Energy Transition di Indonesia Kuntang Winangun; Atok Setiyawan; Bambang Sudarmanta; Ghulam Asrofi Buntoro; Robi Etdji Pangestu; Anas Nurgito; Tinovia Prasetyo
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 12, No 1 (2023): Jurnal TURBO
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v12i1.2532

Abstract

Increasing demand for oil as a fuel and declining production in refineries led to a nationwide fuel oil shortage. Hence compelling academics to develop answers, renewable energy is one of the proposed options. Compression ignition machines utilize renewable fuels such as biodiesel, crude palm oil (CPO), and hydrogen gas. Using biodiesel without modifying the engine can result in decreased thermal efficiency and increased smoke emissions. The addition of modest volumes of hydrogen gas can enhance the performance of diesel engines. The purpose of this investigation is to investigate the performance and emissions of diesel dual-fuel engines. In this investigation, a one-cylinder diesel engine with direct injection was operated at a constant 2000rpm with a 50 percent load. Flow variations of 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 liters per minute of hydrogen. Compared to biodiesel fuel, the results of this study indicate that a 10LPM hydrogen flow can boost thermal efficiency by 29.85% and a 7.5LPM hydrogen flow can increase power by 0.78 %. Moreover, the use of hydrogen gas reduces exhaust pollutants. Reduced HC, CO, and CO2 emissions by 26ppm, 0.01%, and 2.60%, respectively, for a 10LPM hydrogen flow.
Co-Authors Anas Nurgito Arif Fadhlullah Bambang Sudarmanta Ghulam Asrofi Buntoro Kuntang Winangun Robi Etdji Pangestu Sri Wahyuni Widiyaningtias Tinovia Prasetyo