Dietrich Werner
Fachbereich Biologie der Philipps-Universität, D – 35032 Marburg

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CARBON CYCLES, NITROGEN FIXATION AND THE LEGUME-RHIZOBIA SYMBIOSIS AS SOIL CONTAMINANT BIOTEST SYSTEM Werner, Dietrich
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 5, No 1 (2008): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The major pools and turnover  rates of the global carbon (C) cycles are presented and compared to the human production of CO2  from the burning of fossil fuels (e.g. coal and oil) and geothermal  fuels (natural  gases), both categorized as non-renewable energy resources which  in amount  reaches around  6.5 Gigatons C per year. These pools that serve as C-holding stallions  are in the atmosphere,  the land plant biomass, the organic soils carbon, the ocean carbon and the lithosphere. In another related case, the present focus in the area of nitrogen  fixation  is discussed with  data on world  production of grain  legumes  compared  to cereals production and nitrogen  fertilizer use. The focus to understand  the molecular  biology of the legume-rhizobia symbiosis as a major contributor to nitrogen  fixation  is in the areas of signal exchange between  host plants and rhizobia  in the rhizophere including  the nod factor signalling, the infection  and nodule compartmentation and the soils stress factors affecting the symbiosis. The use of the Legume-Rhizobia symbiosis as a biotest system for soil contaminants includes data for cadmium,  arsenate, atrazine,  lindane,  fluoranthene, phenantrene and acenaphthene and also results  on the mechanism,  why the symbiotic system is more sensitive  than test systems with plant growth  parameters.
CARBON CYCLES, NITROGEN FIXATION AND THE LEGUME-RHIZOBIA SYMBIOSIS AS SOIL CONTAMINANT BIOTEST SYSTEM Werner, Dietrich
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 5, No 1 (2008): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2008.5.1.37-52

Abstract

The major pools and turnover  rates of the global carbon (C) cycles are presented and compared to the human production of CO2  from the burning of fossil fuels (e.g. coal and oil) and geothermal  fuels (natural  gases), both categorized as non-renewable energy resources which  in amount  reaches around  6.5 Gigatons C per year. These pools that serve as C-holding stallions  are in the atmosphere,  the land plant biomass, the organic soils carbon, the ocean carbon and the lithosphere. In another related case, the present focus in the area of nitrogen  fixation  is discussed with  data on world  production of grain  legumes  compared  to cereals production and nitrogen  fertilizer use. The focus to understand  the molecular  biology of the legume-rhizobia symbiosis as a major contributor to nitrogen  fixation  is in the areas of signal exchange between  host plants and rhizobia  in the rhizophere including  the nod factor signalling, the infection  and nodule compartmentation and the soils stress factors affecting the symbiosis. The use of the Legume-Rhizobia symbiosis as a biotest system for soil contaminants includes data for cadmium,  arsenate, atrazine,  lindane,  fluoranthene, phenantrene and acenaphthene and also results  on the mechanism,  why the symbiotic system is more sensitive  than test systems with plant growth  parameters.
PRODUCTIVITY OF DIATOMS IN CULTURE AND IN MARINE HABITATS Werner, Dietrich; Roth, Richard
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 20 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2648.333 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/mri.v20i0.385

Abstract

The diatom dominated phytoplankton net primary production in different areas of the ocean (from 100-1000 mg C. m-2. day-1) and in estuaries (up to 2000 mg C. m-2. day-1) is compared with the maximum productivity of marine diatoms in culture (50 g C . m-2 . day-1) for Cyclotella cryptica (Centrales, Diatomeae) and 1000 mg C . m-2. day-1 for Coscinodiscus asteromphalus (Centrales, Diatomeae). The rate of C-assimilation as a measure of primary production is critically discussed in relation to the different factors regulating the reproduction of cells and the production of organic material. The evaluation of another parameter for primary production: light dependent protein synthesis (LPS) is proposed, which brings reproduction of phytoplankton cells and the production of organic material closer together. As an example of the requirement for more information about the potential growth and production rate of diatom species, some results on the cultivation of the tropical shallow water diatom Bellerochea yucatanensis V. STOSCH (Centrales, Diatomeae) are presented. At 30 C this species has a specific growth rate (µ max) of = 4.4 divisions per day and 4 divisions per day at 34°C with an average cell size of 34 x 26 ? m. The temperature range of this species is from 12°C (µ = 0.3) to 35°C (µ = 2).
PRODUCTIVITY OF DIATOMS IN CULTURE AND IN MARINE HABITATS Werner, Dietrich; Roth, Richard
Marine Research in Indonesia Vol 20 (1977)
Publisher : Research Center for Oceanography - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2648.333 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/mri.v20i0.385

Abstract

The diatom dominated phytoplankton net primary production in different areas of the ocean (from 100-1000 mg C. m-2. day-1) and in estuaries (up to 2000 mg C. m-2. day-1) is compared with the maximum productivity of marine diatoms in culture (50 g C . m-2 . day-1) for Cyclotella cryptica (Centrales, Diatomeae) and 1000 mg C . m-2. day-1 for Coscinodiscus asteromphalus (Centrales, Diatomeae). The rate of C-assimilation as a measure of primary production is critically discussed in relation to the different factors regulating the reproduction of cells and the production of organic material. The evaluation of another parameter for primary production: light dependent protein synthesis (LPS) is proposed, which brings reproduction of phytoplankton cells and the production of organic material closer together. As an example of the requirement for more information about the potential growth and production rate of diatom species, some results on the cultivation of the tropical shallow water diatom Bellerochea yucatanensis V. STOSCH (Centrales, Diatomeae) are presented. At 30 C this species has a specific growth rate (µ max) of = 4.4 divisions per day and 4 divisions per day at 34°C with an average cell size of 34 x 26 ? m. The temperature range of this species is from 12°C (µ = 0.3) to 35°C (µ = 2).