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Optimisasi Penjadwalan Pembangkit pada Microgrid dengan Mempertimbangkan Respons Beban Candra Febri Nugraha; Lukman Subekti
Jurnal Listrik, Instrumentasi, dan Elektronika Terapan Vol 3, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Elektro dan Informatika Sekolah Vokasi UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/juliet.v3i1.74669

Abstract

Abstract – In a smart grid, the adequacy of electricity supply is not only determined by generation, but the electrical demand can also be involved. Demand response is one way to maintain a balance between electricity supply and load by reducing electricity consumption at a certain period. In this study, a microgrid system operating design is proposed by considering the penetration of new and renewable energy and demand response. Optimization is carried out with the aim of obtaining the lowest generation costs, while maximizing customer benefits from the demand response program. The mixed-integer linear programming method is used to determine generator generation and customer load reduction throughout the planning period. The obtained diesel generator operating cost is $116.40 and the total customer load response benefit is $100. Based on the analysis, the demand response is able to help the system maintain a power balance in critical conditions, namely when the supply from the generator is not sufficient. From the test system used, it was found that the load curtailment throughout the planning  period is 67.04 kWh for three customers. The distribution of the reduced demand depends on the value of the demand response incentive for each customer. The amount of load reduction is strongly influenced by the specified demand response budget.Keywords – optimal dispatch, demand response, microgrid, mixed-integer linear programmingIntisari – Dalam smart grid, kecukupan pasokan listrik tidak hanya ditentukan oleh pembangkitan saja, tetapi beban listrik juga dapat dilibatkan. Respons beban merupakan salah satu cara untuk menjaga keseimbangan antara pasokan dan beban listrik dengan cara mengurangi pemakaian listrik pada waktu-waktu tertentu. Dalam studi ini diusulkan sebuah desain operasi sistem microgrid dengan mempertimbangkan penetrasi energi baru dan terbarukan serta respons beban. Optimisasi dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh biaya pembangkitan terendah, sekaligus memaksimalkan keuntungan pelanggan dari program respons beban. Metode mixed-integer linear programming digunakan untuk menentukan pembangkitan pada generator dan pengurangan beban pelanggan sepanjang periode perencanaan. Biaya operasi pembangkit diesel yang diperoleh adalah $116,40 dan keuntungan respons beban yang diperoleh pelanggan sebesar $100. Berdasarkan analisis, respons beban mampu membantu sistem menjaga keseimbangan daya pada kondisi-kondisi kritis, yaitu ketika suplai dari pembangkit sedang tidak mencukupi. Dari sistem pengujian yang digunakan, diperoleh penurunan beban yang terjadi selama periode penjadwalan adalah 67,04 kWh pada tiga pelanggan. Distribusi beban yang dikurangi bergantung pada nilai insentif respons beban pada tiap-tiap pelanggan. Besarnya penurunan beban sangat dipengaruhi oleh anggaran respons beban yang ditetapkan.Kata kunci – penjadwalan pembangkit, respons beban, microgrid, pemrograman mixed-integer linear
Optimal Scheduling of Electric Vehicle Charging: A Study Case of Bantul Feeder 05 Distribution System Candra Febri Nugraha; Jimmy Trio Putra; Lukman Subekti; Suhono Suhono
Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Komputer dan Informatika Vol 9, No 1 (2023): March
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/jiteki.v9i1.25287

Abstract

The growing popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) has the potential to complicate distribution network operations. When a large number of electric vehicles are charging at the same time, the system load can significantly increase. This problem is exacerbated when charging is done concurrently in the evening, which coincides with peak load times. To prevent the increase in peak load and distribution operation stress, EV charging must be coordinated to achieve financial and technical objectives. This study seeks to evaluate the impact of financially driven EV charging scheduling algorithms. The contribution of this study is that the scheduling algorithm considers EV usage behavior based on real data as well as considers the state-of-charge (SoC) target set by EV owners. The proposed algorithm seeks to minimize the total charging cost incurred by EV owners using mixed-integer linear programming (MILP). The impact of the coordinated charging scheduling on the system demand profile and real distribution system operation metrics are also evaluated. The simulation result tested on the Bantul Feeder 05 system demonstrates that coordinated charging can reduce the charging costs by 57.3%. Furthermore, the peak load is reduced by 5.2% while also improving the load factor by 3.5% as compared to uncoordinated scheduling. Based on the power flow simulation, the proposed algorithm can reduce distribution transformer loading by 0.5% and improve voltage quality by 0.1% during peak load. This demonstrates that coordinated EV charging benefits not only the EV users but also the distribution system operator by preventing system operation issues.
A Sustainable Hybrid Off-Grid System Design for Isolated Island Considering Techno-Economic and Frequency Stability Analysis Candra Febri Nugraha; Lukman Subekti; Ahmad Adhiim Muthahhari; Budi Eko Prasetyo; Rizki Firmansyah Setya Budi
Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science (JAETS) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science (JAETS)
Publisher : Yayasan Riset dan Pengembangan Intelektual (YRPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37385/jaets.v6i1.4892

Abstract

Electrifying remote islands presents complex challenges. Currently, most remote areas in Indonesia rely on diesel fuel for their electricity supplies, contributing to escalating generation costs and environmental degradation. Aligned with the global net-zero emission goal, this study proposes the design of a hybrid off-grid system for Kabare Village in the Raja Ampat Islands, integrating techno-economic and frequency stability analyses. HOMER Pro was employed to identify the most optimal system configuration, while DIgSILENT PowerFactory was utilized to assess the frequency stability performance of the system. This study unveils that the optimal system combines existing generators, solar panels, and batteries, with a net present cost of $1.37 million. The optimal system delivers an 11.8% reduction in levelized cost of energy to $0.269/kWh, alongside a 25.6% decrease in both fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions compared to the existing system. Moreover, the system meets frequency stability metrics, even under extreme operational conditions. This study demonstrates that implementing a hybrid off-grid system in Kabare Village is not only technically and economically feasible but also a practical option. These findings are anticipated to assist the government in promoting the utilization of renewable energy sources, particularly in remote areas such as the islands of eastern Indonesia.