Articles
<![CDATA[Effects of Meniran (Phyllanthus niiuii L.) Herbs-Hexane Extracts Against the Toxic Effect of Aflatoxin Br in The Liver of Rattus norvegicus Rats ]]>
<![CDATA[Wiryatun Lestariana, Wiryatun Lestariana]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 02 (1997) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) ]]>
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<![CDATA[The principal objective of this study is to provide more extensive description of the chemopreventive effect of rneniran herbs-hexan extracts against the toxic effect of aflatoxin B1 in the liver of Rattus norvegicus rats. The subjects consisted of sixteen male rats Rattus norvegicus in good general condition, 1 - 2 month old, with body weight around 62 - 68.5 grams, divided into 4 groups of four rats each. Water and ad libid were given to All of the groups of the rats. The first group was given 1 ml of emulsion of coconut oil. The second group was given 30 mg of meniran herbs-hexane extracts in 1 ml emulsion. The third group was given 15 g aflatoxin B, (AFB,) in 1 ml emulsion. The fourth group was given 30 mg of meniran herbs-hexane extracts and 15 g of AFB, in 1 ml of emulsion. Extract and AFBi were given orally by an aplicator for 16 weeks. By analysis of variance the results showed that the effect of meniran herbs-hexane extracts against the toxic effect of aflatoxin B1 demonstrated a significant effect (p < 0,01) in serum alanine aminotransferase (glutamic pyruvictransaminase). Aflatoxin B, increased serum alanine aminotransferase significantly (p < 0.001) in comparison with control (the group of rats treated with 1 ml emulsion and the group of the rats treated with 30 mg extracts). Histological feature in the group of rats treated with AFBi showed bad liver features compared to the other groups. There were altered foci in the hepatocytes (3/5) and the bile duct epithelial cells demonstrated hyperplasia as well as metaplasia (5/5). The group of the rats treated with meniran herbs-hexane extracts and AFB, showed normal hepatocytes and some of bile duct epithelial cells showed proliferation. The other groups of the rats respectively treated with coconut oil emulsion and meniran herbs-hexane extracts showed normal hepatocytes and bile ducts epithelial cells. It is concluded that meniran herbs-hexane extracts could be used to reduce aflatoxin B, toxicity in the rat liver.Keywords: Phyllanthus niruri L. herbs-hexane extracts - aflatoxin Bt - serum alanine aminotransferase - bileduct epithelial cells - hepatocytes - Rattus norvegicus]]>
<![CDATA[Identification and test of active protein resemble Ribosomr-inactivating proteins (RIPs) on Kaemferia rotunda Linn ]]>
<![CDATA[Wiryatun Lestariana, Wiryatun Lestariana]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 4 (2003) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Statistically data of US Mortality showed that percentage cause of the death of the cancer is in second place after the heart diseases. Indonesia, Java especially Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, the data of The Dr. Sardjito hospital showed that the patients of cancer was increasing in the last year. Indonesian, especially Javanese, uses white turmeric to prevent and to treat cancer. There are some varieties of turmeric available commercially such as Curcuma (Cl mangga Val & Jijp, C. zeodaria and Kaemferia (K) rotunda Linn. The studies showed that C. mangga contain proteins compound that resembles Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) which have activity to cleave supercoiled DNA. In vitro study indicated that the addition of crude extract of C. mangga on cancer cell-lines (B-LCL, EBV cells and Raji cell-lines) and normal lymphocytes, the percentage of cytotoxic effect on those cancer cell-lines were higher significantly than normal cells.Objective: The aim of the study was to know the presence of RIPs activity in K. rotunda Linn by the ability of the RIPs in cleaving the supercoiled DNA.Methods: The rhizomes of K. rotunda Linn that was in part dried at 40ðC. Both wet and dried rhizomes are pounded and then extracted. The resulting crude extract was precipitated to obtain its protein fraction. The crude extract and protein with various concentrations were incubated with the supercoiled DNA and agarose gel electrophoresis was used to test its activity in cleaving the supercoiled DNA. The activity test was done by observing 3 criterions, viz. the thinning of the supercoiled DNA, the circular band thickening and the appearance of the linear band which were subsequently compared to the plasmid DNA without treatment.Result: The results showed that both crude extracts and proteins of both wet and dried samples were able to cleave supercoiled DNA into circular and linear form. The increasing concentrations of the crude extract and the protein resulted in increasing the activity which was indicated by the thickening of circular band and the appearance of the linear band .Conclusion: Kaemferia rotunda contains proteins compound that resemble Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs).which have ability to cleave supercoiled DNA to be circular and linear DNA.Key words: ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) - supercoiled DNA - circular DNA - linear DNA - Kaemferia rotunda Linn]]>
<![CDATA[Hepatotoksikosis Awal Keracunan Kronis Aflatoksin B1 Pengarahnya Terhadap Spektruro Lipid Plasma Darah tikus ]]>
<![CDATA[Wiryatun Lestariana, Wiryatun Lestariana]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 21, No 02 (1989) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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<![CDATA[Plasma lipid spectrum studied included total lipid plasma, plasma triglyceride, plasma phospholipid and plasma cholesterol concentration in rats.1-listologically earlier hepatotoxicosis showed hyperplasia and metaplasia, and metaplasia of bile duct epithelial cells.The two groups of rats, the control group and the treatment group (each group comprised 10 rats). 3ââ¬Â¢month old, healthy, and 12 ââ¬â16 g % haemoglobin concentration, were used as experimental animals. -All of them were fed and given water ad libitum, and 0.2 ml of propylen glycol per oral was also provided by sonde for 60 days. The treatment group was supplemented 10 mg of aflatoxin B, (AFB1) diluted in 0.2 ml propylen glycol.At the end of the treatment, histologically epithelial cells of bile duct showed extensive hyperplasia and metaplasia in rats supplemented with 10 rag AFB1. The plasma lipid spectrum between the control group and the treatment group was:plasma total lipid concentration (X ñ 1 SD): 496.0 ñ 12.61 mg/I00 ml and SO4M ñ 10.46 mg/100 ml, plasma triglyceride concentration (X * 1 SD) 93.4 ñ 14.83 mg/ l00 ml and 101.2 12.62 mg/100 ml. plasma phospholipid concentration (X ñ 1 SD) 9.3 ñ 4.21 mg/ l00 ml and 8.9 ñ 3.92 mg/100 ml, plasma cholesterol concentration (X ñ 1 SD) 106.9 t 17.56 mg/100 ml and 104.2 ñ 12.53 mg/100 ml. The analysis test showed that there were no significant differences between blood plasma parameter of the two groups (p > 0.05).The result suggests that AFB, chronic toxicity on plasma lipid spectrum of rats is not proven despite the occurrence of earlier hepatotoxicosis. -Key Words: aflatoxin Bt -- hepatotoxicosis -- bile duct epithelial cells -- plasma lipid spectrum -- rat]]>
<![CDATA[Effects of the dietary vitamin A against the effect of aflatoxin Hi on the vitamin A status of Rattus norvegicus rats ]]>
<![CDATA[Wiryatun Lestariana, Wiryatun Lestariana]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 01 (1999) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Dichlorodiphenyl trichloroetane (DDT), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) are carcinogenic substances and significantly decreased liver vitamin A in the animal studies. Liver vitamin A is influenced by dietary vitamin A and the condition of the liver. Aflatoxin Bi is a carcinogenic substance like DDT, PCB and PBB. Aflatoxin Bi is the environmental exposures problem in several tropical countries and liver are the main organ targets of the carcinogenicity of aflatoxin B1.Objective: To provide more extensive description of the effects of dietary vitamin A (deficient, adequate, fourfold adequate) against the effect of aflatoxin Bi (AFB1) on the vitamin A status of rats.Methods: Vitamin A status of animals was demonstrated by concentrations of liver and serum vitamin A. The subjects consisted of fourty eight male Rattus norvegicus rats in good general condition, 1-2 months old with body weight around 62-68.5 grams, were randomly divided into 12 groups of four rats each. Rats in group I to VI which were killed at the start of the experiment and were used as the initial condition of liver and serum vitamin A concentrations for the rats in group VII to XII. Vitamin A-deficient diets were given to rats in group VII and VIII. Vitamin A-adequate diets were given to rats in group IX and X, while vitamin A-fourfold adequate diets were given to rats in group Xl and XII. Rats in group VIII, X and XII were orally treated by an aplicator with 15g of AFB1 in 0.2 ml of propylene glycol everyday for 16 weeks. While rats in group VII, IX and Xl were treated without AFB1.Results: By analysis of variance, the results showed that the effects of interaction of dietary vitamin A and AFB1 demonstrated a very significant effect (p<0.001) on liver vitamin A and significant effect (p<0.05) in serum vitamin A concentrations. Dietary vitamin A itself demonstrated a very significant effect (p<0.001) in serum and liver vitamin A concentrations. While AFB1 demonstrated a significant effect (p<0.05) in liver vitamin A and significant effect (p<0.001) on liver vitamin A concentarations.Conclusions: Vitamin A status of rats given aflatoxin Bi were not only influenced by dietary vitamin A but also by allatoxin Bi treatment.Key words: dietary vitamin A - aflatoxin Bi - serum vitamin A -liver vitamin A - Rattus norvegicus rats]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of dietary vitamin A against the toxic effect of afiatoxin B, on the cytochrome P450 in the liver microsomal protein of Rattus norvegicus rats ]]>
<![CDATA[Wiryatun Lestariana, Wiryatun Lestariana]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 30, No 01 (1998) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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<![CDATA[Liver cytochrome P450 microsomal protein metabolizes certain xenobiotic compounds into reactive intermediates which covalently bind to DNA, RNA or protein of nucleus. The action of cytochrome P450 can be Influenced by nutrition status and environmental pollution. Aflatoxin Bi (AFB) is the environmental exposure problem in the countries with tropical climate. Aflatoxin Ell can also be oxidized by cytochrome P450 to DNA and protein - binding metabolites and can give rise to cell injury, mutation and cancer. The objective of this study is to Investigate the effect of dietary vitamin A (deficient, adequate, fourfold-adequate) against the toxic effect of AFBi in the liver cytochrome P450 microsomal protein of rats. Variance analysis of the result showed that the interaction of the vitamin A in the diet and treatment with AFB, had no significant effect. However the rats with dietary deficient and adequate in vitamin A, treated with AFBi showed significantly increased the cytochrome P450 (p< 0.001 I. The dietary fourfold-adequate in vitamin A was able to maintain the concentration of cytochrome P450 in liver microsomal protein of rats treated with AFB1 within normal range. It Is concluded that the effect of dietary vitamin A against the toxic effect of AFB, in liver cytochrome P450 microsomal protein of rats depends on the vitamin A concentrations in the diet consumed.Keywords: dietary vitamin A - aflatoxin Bt - liver microsomal protein - cytochrome P450 - Rattus norvegicus]]>
<![CDATA[Identification and test of active protein resemble Ribosomr-inactivating proteins (RIPs) on Kaemferia rotunda Linn ]]>
<![CDATA[Wiryatun Lestariana Wiryatun Lestariana]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 4 (2003) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Statistically data of US Mortality showed that percentage cause of the death of the cancer is in second place after the heart diseases. Indonesia, Java especially Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, the data of The Dr. Sardjito hospital showed that the patients of cancer was increasing in the last year. Indonesian, especially Javanese, uses white turmeric to prevent and to treat cancer. There are some varieties of turmeric available commercially such as Curcuma (Cl mangga Val & Jijp, C. zeodaria and Kaemferia (K) rotunda Linn. The studies showed that C. mangga contain proteins compound that resembles Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) which have activity to cleave supercoiled DNA. In vitro study indicated that the addition of crude extract of C. mangga on cancer cell-lines (B-LCL, EBV cells and Raji cell-lines) and normal lymphocytes, the percentage of cytotoxic effect on those cancer cell-lines were higher significantly than normal cells.Objective: The aim of the study was to know the presence of RIPs activity in K. rotunda Linn by the ability of the RIPs in cleaving the supercoiled DNA.Methods: The rhizomes of K. rotunda Linn that was in part dried at 40°C. Both wet and dried rhizomes are pounded and then extracted. The resulting crude extract was precipitated to obtain its protein fraction. The crude extract and protein with various concentrations were incubated with the supercoiled DNA and agarose gel electrophoresis was used to test its activity in cleaving the supercoiled DNA. The activity test was done by observing 3 criterions, viz. the thinning of the supercoiled DNA, the circular band thickening and the appearance of the linear band which were subsequently compared to the plasmid DNA without treatment.Result: The results showed that both crude extracts and proteins of both wet and dried samples were able to cleave supercoiled DNA into circular and linear form. The increasing concentrations of the crude extract and the protein resulted in increasing the activity which was indicated by the thickening of circular band and the appearance of the linear band .Conclusion: Kaemferia rotunda contains proteins compound that resemble Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs).which have ability to cleave supercoiled DNA to be circular and linear DNA.Key words: ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) - supercoiled DNA - circular DNA - linear DNA - Kaemferia rotunda Linn]]>
<![CDATA[Effects of the dietary vitamin A against the effect of aflatoxin Hi on the vitamin A status of Rattus norvegicus rats ]]>
<![CDATA[Wiryatun Lestariana Wiryatun Lestariana]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 01 (1999) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Dichlorodiphenyl trichloroetane (DDT), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) are carcinogenic substances and significantly decreased liver vitamin A in the animal studies. Liver vitamin A is influenced by dietary vitamin A and the condition of the liver. Aflatoxin Bi is a carcinogenic substance like DDT, PCB and PBB. Aflatoxin Bi is the environmental exposures problem in several tropical countries and liver are the main organ targets of the carcinogenicity of aflatoxin B1.Objective: To provide more extensive description of the effects of dietary vitamin A (deficient, adequate, fourfold adequate) against the effect of aflatoxin Bi (AFB1) on the vitamin A status of rats.Methods: Vitamin A status of animals was demonstrated by concentrations of liver and serum vitamin A. The subjects consisted of fourty eight male Rattus norvegicus rats in good general condition, 1-2 months old with body weight around 62-68.5 grams, were randomly divided into 12 groups of four rats each. Rats in group I to VI which were killed at the start of the experiment and were used as the initial condition of liver and serum vitamin A concentrations for the rats in group VII to XII. Vitamin A-deficient diets were given to rats in group VII and VIII. Vitamin A-adequate diets were given to rats in group IX and X, while vitamin A-fourfold adequate diets were given to rats in group Xl and XII. Rats in group VIII, X and XII were orally treated by an aplicator with 15g of AFB1 in 0.2 ml of propylene glycol everyday for 16 weeks. While rats in group VII, IX and Xl were treated without AFB1.Results: By analysis of variance, the results showed that the effects of interaction of dietary vitamin A and AFB1 demonstrated a very significant effect (p<0.001) on liver vitamin A and significant effect (p<0.05) in serum vitamin A concentrations. Dietary vitamin A itself demonstrated a very significant effect (p<0.001) in serum and liver vitamin A concentrations. While AFB1 demonstrated a significant effect (p<0.05) in liver vitamin A and significant effect (p<0.001) on liver vitamin A concentarations.Conclusions: Vitamin A status of rats given aflatoxin Bi were not only influenced by dietary vitamin A but also by allatoxin Bi treatment.Key words: dietary vitamin A - aflatoxin Bi - serum vitamin A -liver vitamin A - Rattus norvegicus rats]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of dietary vitamin A against the toxic effect of afiatoxin B, on the cytochrome P450 in the liver microsomal protein of Rattus norvegicus rats ]]>
<![CDATA[Wiryatun Lestariana Wiryatun Lestariana]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 30, No 01 (1998) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Liver cytochrome P450 microsomal protein metabolizes certain xenobiotic compounds into reactive intermediates which covalently bind to DNA, RNA or protein of nucleus. The action of cytochrome P450 can be Influenced by nutrition status and environmental pollution. Aflatoxin Bi (AFB) is the environmental exposure problem in the countries with tropical climate. Aflatoxin Ell can also be oxidized by cytochrome P450 to DNA and protein - binding metabolites and can give rise to cell injury, mutation and cancer. The objective of this study is to Investigate the effect of dietary vitamin A (deficient, adequate, fourfold-adequate) against the toxic effect of AFBi in the liver cytochrome P450 microsomal protein of rats. Variance analysis of the result showed that the interaction of the vitamin A in the diet and treatment with AFB, had no significant effect. However the rats with dietary deficient and adequate in vitamin A, treated with AFBi showed significantly increased the cytochrome P450 (p< 0.00'1 I. The dietary fourfold-adequate in vitamin A was able to maintain the concentration of cytochrome P450 in liver microsomal protein of rats treated with AFB1 within normal range. It Is concluded that the effect of dietary vitamin A against the toxic effect of AFB, in liver cytochrome P450 microsomal protein of rats depends on the vitamin A concentrations in the diet consumed.Keywords: dietary vitamin A - aflatoxin Bt - liver microsomal protein - cytochrome P450 - Rattus norvegicus]]>
<![CDATA[Effects of Meniran (Phyllanthus niiuii L.) Herbs-Hexane Extracts Against the Toxic Effect of Aflatoxin Br in The Liver of Rattus norvegicus Rats ]]>
<![CDATA[Wiryatun Lestariana Wiryatun Lestariana]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 02 (1997) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) ]]>
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<![CDATA[The principal objective of this study is to provide more extensive description of the chemopreventive effect of rneniran herbs-hexan extracts against the toxic effect of aflatoxin B1 in the liver of Rattus norvegicus rats. The subjects consisted of sixteen male rats Rattus norvegicus in good general condition, 1 - 2 month old, with body weight around 62 - 68.5 grams, divided into 4 groups of four rats each. Water and ad libid were given to All of the groups of the rats. The first group was given 1 ml of emulsion of coconut oil. The second group was given 30 mg of meniran herbs-hexane extracts in 1 ml emulsion. The third group was given 15 g aflatoxin B, (AFB,) in 1 ml emulsion. The fourth group was given 30 mg of meniran herbs-hexane extracts and 15 g of AFB, in 1 ml of emulsion. Extract and AFBi were given orally by an aplicator for 16 weeks. By analysis of variance the results showed that the effect of meniran herbs-hexane extracts against the toxic effect of aflatoxin B1 demonstrated a significant effect (p < 0,01) in serum alanine aminotransferase (glutamic pyruvictransaminase). Aflatoxin B, increased serum alanine aminotransferase significantly (p < 0.001) in comparison with control (the group of rats treated with 1 ml emulsion and the group of the rats treated with 30 mg extracts). Histological feature in the group of rats treated with AFBi showed bad liver features compared to the other groups. There were altered foci in the hepatocytes (3/5) and the bile duct epithelial cells demonstrated hyperplasia as well as metaplasia (5/5). The group of the rats treated with meniran herbs-hexane extracts and AFB, showed normal hepatocytes and some of bile duct epithelial cells showed proliferation. The other groups of the rats respectively treated with coconut oil emulsion and meniran herbs-hexane extracts showed normal hepatocytes and bile ducts epithelial cells. It is concluded that meniran herbs-hexane extracts could be used to reduce aflatoxin B, toxicity in the rat liver.Keywords: Phyllanthus niruri L. herbs-hexane extracts - aflatoxin Bt - serum alanine aminotransferase - bileduct epithelial cells - hepatocytes - Rattus norvegicus]]>
<![CDATA[Hepatotoksikosis Awal Keracunan Kronis Aflatoksin B1 Pengarahnya Terhadap Spektruro Lipid Plasma Darah tikus ]]>
<![CDATA[Wiryatun Lestariana Wiryatun Lestariana]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 21, No 02 (1989) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Plasma lipid spectrum studied included total lipid plasma, plasma triglyceride, plasma phospholipid and plasma cholesterol concentration in rats.1-listologically earlier hepatotoxicosis showed hyperplasia and metaplasia, and metaplasia of bile duct epithelial cells.The two groups of rats, the control group and the treatment group (each group comprised 10 rats). 3•month old, healthy, and 12 —16 g % haemoglobin concentration, were used as experimental animals. -All of them were fed and given water ad libitum, and 0.2 ml of propylen glycol per oral was also provided by sonde for 60 days. The treatment group was supplemented 10 mg of aflatoxin B, (AFB1) diluted in 0.2 ml propylen glycol.At the end of the treatment, histologically epithelial cells of bile duct showed extensive hyperplasia and metaplasia in rats supplemented with 10 rag AFB1. The plasma lipid spectrum between the control group and the treatment group was:plasma total lipid concentration (X ± 1 SD): 496.0 ± 12.61 mg/I00 ml and SO4M ± 10.46 mg/100 ml, plasma triglyceride concentration (X * 1 SD) 93.4 ± 14.83 mg/ l00 ml and 101.2 12.62 mg/100 ml. plasma phospholipid concentration (X ± 1 SD) 9.3 ± 4.21 mg/ l00 ml and 8.9 ± 3.92 mg/100 ml, plasma cholesterol concentration (X ± 1 SD) 106.9 t 17.56 mg/100 ml and 104.2 ± 12.53 mg/100 ml. The analysis test showed that there were no significant differences between blood plasma parameter of the two groups (p > 0.05).The result suggests that AFB, chronic toxicity on plasma lipid spectrum of rats is not proven despite the occurrence of earlier hepatotoxicosis. -Key Words: aflatoxin Bt -- hepatotoxicosis -- bile duct epithelial cells -- plasma lipid spectrum -- rat]]>
