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All Journal Quimica : Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Terapan Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Cognitia : International Engineering Journal
Yazid Bindar
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Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering Transportation

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Front Matter Vol 4, No 2 (2005) Yazid Bindar
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (2005)
Publisher : ASOSIASI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI TEKNIK KIMIA INDONESIA (APTEKIM)

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Advancing the Production of Transparent Solid Soaps with Indonesian Natural Oils Zunita, Megawati; Yazid Bindar; Elvi Restiawaty; Syafira Pramesti; Mira Hayati
JURNAL QUIMICA Vol 7 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Samudra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33059/jq.v7i1.12389

Abstract

Soap is created by combining sodium or potassium bases with fatty acids derived from vegetable or animal fats. Commonly used fats in soap production include palm oil, coconut oil, soybean oil, and peanut oil. The characteristics of the fatty acid or oil, along with the proportions of caustic soda (NaOH or KOH) and water, play a crucial role in determining the quality of the soap. Transparent soap is a solid soap in the shape of a bar that becomes see-through after the addition of a transparent component. This study developed soap by blending natural oils from Indonesia (coconut oil, palm oil, and nyamplung oil (Calophyllum Inophyllum). In addition, glycerine and a granulated sugar solution were added to the soap. Several tests are used to characterize the soap's properties, such as transparency, water content, foam stability, and hardness. According to the test results, the most clear oil is a blend of 60% palm oil, 25% coconut oil, and 15% nyamplung oil, with a sugar-to-glycerine ratio of 1:1. The soap does not satisfy the acceptable standards due to its high water content. Palm oil soap contains the least amount of water, with a sugar-to-glycerine ratio of 3:1 and a water content of 30%. Coconut oil is noted for its stable foam and high hardness. The characteristics and weight of soap are what determine its quality. Palm oil in various ratios, such as 2:1, 1:2, and 1:3, combined with a blend of other oils, can produce a high-quality transparent soap that fits specified requirements
Pyrolysis Effects of Coconut Shell and Wood Waste on Charcoal Characteristics as Biobriquette Raw Material Rifaldy, Dhifal Dui; Efri Mardawati; Yazid Bindar; Desy Nurliasari
Cognitia : International Engineering Journal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Cognitia : International Engineering Journal
Publisher : Candela Edutech Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63288/ciej.v1i1.5

Abstract

Coconut shell charcoal has been widely produced as a raw material for biobriquette production. This cause effect on an increase of coconut shell price as a raw material for charcoal production. Wood waste is one of the easier and cheaper biomass to be obtained than coconut shell. However, the quality of charcoal produced from wood waste need to be compared to be used as a substitute of coconut shell. This study aims to discover the effect of pyrolysis as a carbonisation process on coconut shell, wood waste, and a mixture of both biomass on the quality of charcoal produced including yield, proximate analysis, lignocellulose analysis, and calorific value. A completely randomized design was used in this study by taking into account two influencing factors, including the type of sample (biomass sample and charcoal sample) and the type of biomass (coconut shell, wood waste, and a mixture of both). Pyrolysis was carried out at 550℃ for 120 minutes. Pyrolysis of biomass and different types of biomass have giving effects on the characteristics of the biomass and charcoal produced. The results of the analysis showed that the type of coconut shell biomass and a mixture of the two biomasses produced charcoal that qualified on standards. The results of the analysis concluded that charcoal made from a mixture of coconut shell and wood waste could be a solution to substitute charcoal made from coconut shell only.
Co-Authors Desy Nurliasari Efri Mardawati Elvi Restiawaty Mira Hayati Rifaldy, Dhifal Dui Syafira Pramesti Zunita, Megawati