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Worst Case of Relative Disturbance Gain Array for Uncertain Distillation System Agustriyanto, Rudy; Zhang, Jie
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 16, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

This article discusses the constrained nonlinear optimization formulation for calculating the worst case of lower and upper bounds of relative disturbance gain array (RDGA) for uncertain process models. The proposed approach seeks the minimum and maximum values of the relative disturbance gains subject to the constraints in which the process and disturbance gains are within their uncertainty ranges. RDGA ranges are useful for control structure determination and the related robustness, as they provide information regarding the sensitivity to gain uncertainties. The proposed method is demonstrated by ternary distillation column case study. Closed loop simulation results support the analysis based on the proposed method. It is shown that for a particular degree of uncertainties, the range of process gain determinant should not include zero to ensure the successfulness of the calculation. For the distillation system being studied, the maximum allowable α is 0.339 to avoid the singularity of matrix K.
Pure Phase Co3O4 Anchored on Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon for High-Performance Lithium-ion Batteries Ruan, Qingling; Yang, Zhehan; Liu, Yan; Xu, Junjie; Zhang, Jie; Dai, Jinhang; Gu, Xingxing
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2025: BCREC Volume 20 Issue 1 Year 2025 (April 2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20238

Abstract

Transition metal oxides (TMOs), due to their high theoretical capacity, and long cycling stability, have received increasing attention as the anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this work, a kind of TMOs, Co3O4, anchored on nitrogen-doped porous carbon (NC), has been successfully synthesized via calcining cobalt salts and biomass precursor together. The synthesized Co3O4/NC as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries illustrates excellent cycling performances. At a current density of 1.0 A.g-1, the Co3O4/NC anode could maintain a superior high reversible capacity of 1131.4 mAh.g-1 after 2000 cycles. Even if the current increases to 8.0 A.g-1, it still shows a reversible capacity of 502.9 mAh.g-1. Such excellent electrochemical performances could be attributed to the high specific surface area of NC that facilitates the uniform dispersion of Co3O4 nanoparticles on it as well as the abundant porous structure and good conductivity of NC that enhance the Li+ transfer and electrons transfer, respectively. In a word, this work provides a simple strategy for synthesizing the NC-supported pure phase Co3O4 composite anode material for realizing high-performance LIBs. Copyright © 2025 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Pengaruh Faktor Ekonomi dan Teknologi terhadap Pertumbuhan E-Commerce Lintas Batas di Indonesia (2013-2023) Saptarina, Martha; Zhang, Jie
Journal of Trends Economics and Accounting Research Vol 6 No 2 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Forum Kerjasama Pendidikan Tinggi (FKPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47065/jtear.v6i2.2334

Abstract

Cross-border e-commerce has emerged as a fundamental component of the global digital economic change, particularly in Indonesia. Macroeconomic dynamics and the acceleration of digitalization over the past decade have influenced this development. This study aims to analyze the influence of economic factors, such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, inflation, and exchange rates, along with technological factors like internet penetration and digital wallet usage, on the growth of cross-border e-commerce in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data from the period 2013 to 2023. The analysis method used is log-linear regression with the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) approach, accompanied by classical assumption testing to ensure the validity of the model. The results show that only GDP per capita and inflation significantly affect the growth of cross-border e-commerce, with a coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.8682, indicating that these two variables can explain 86.82% of the variation in cross-border e-commerce growth. GDP per capita has a positive and significant effect, confirming the role of people's purchasing power and the growth of the middle class in driving cross-border digital trade activities. Meanwhile, inflation is also significant, showing a positive trend, reflecting consumption substitution behavior where consumers switch to cross-border products when domestic prices increase. The variables of exchange rate, internet penetration, and digital wallet usage are not significant in the model due to the high correlation between variables, causing multicollinearity. These results emphasize the importance of macroeconomic stability and inflation control in supporting cross-border e-commerce growth in Indonesia.