Hadi Pradnyana
Universitas Warmadewa

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Perspektif Kebijakan Kontra-Terorisme ASEAN dan Perbedaan Paradigma Penanggulangan Terorisme oleh Negara-Negara Anggota ASEAN Hadi Pradnyana
POLITICOS: Jurnal Politik dan Pemerintahan Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): POLITICOS: Jurnal Politik dan Pemerintahan
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Warmadewa, Denpasar-Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (848.234 KB) | DOI: 10.22225/politicos.2.1.2022.11-26

Abstract

This research examines the perspective of ASEAN's counter-terrorism policy and ASEAN member states. Observing ASEAN's counter-terrorism policy instruments and the approach of ASEAN member states to these instruments. Based on the massive threats of terrorism that have occurred in Southeast Asia, especially since the 9/11 incident in 2001. Qualitative descriptive is used as a research method, using a literature study approach. The results showed that ASEAN adopted a law enforcement approach in countering terrorism. ASEAN for the first time issued a counter-terrorism policy instrument specifically through the ASEAN Declaration on Joint Action to Counter Terrorism 2001, after 9/11. Then followed by other instruments such as the ASEAN-US Joint Declaration for Cooperation to Combat International Terrorism 2002, Joint Declaration on Cooperation to Combat Terrorism 2003, ASEAN Convention on Counter Terrorism (ACCT) 2007, and joint declarations with external dialogue partner countries such as United States, European Union, India, Australia, Russia, Japan, South Korea, New Zealand, Pakistan and Canada. However, ASEAN member countries do not have absolute similarities in the paradigm of counter-terrorism policies. Because ASEAN has the principle of non-interference. Based on these results, it can be concluded that various counter-terrorism policy instruments have been successfully established by ASEAN, which puts forward the perspective of law enforcement. However, there are differences in the paradigm of counter-terrorism by ASEAN member countries.
Strategi Kontra-Terorisme Hard Approach dan Soft Approach di Indonesia I Putu Hadi Pradnyana
Frequency of International Relations (FETRIAN) Vol 4 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Andalas Institute of International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/fetrian.4.2.25-58.2022

Abstract

This research examines the dynamics of counter-terrorism policies in Indonesia from the Old Order (Orde Lama) era to the current period. Terrorist attacks have been a threat to Indonesia's national security since the beginning of the nation's independence. The government is required to counter terrorism through a series of effective policies. This research uses descriptive qualitative method with literature study. The results of the research obtained are that the pattern of countering terrorism in Indonesia is divided into two types of approaches, the hard approach and the soft approach. The hard approach method refers to the use of armed forces against terror organizations. The soft approach method prioritizes integrated and comprehensive actions in dealing with the problem of radicalism starting from the root of the problem. The hard approach was more used in the early era of independence until the New Order. Meanwhile, the soft approach has been massively used since the establishment of the National Counterterrorism Agency (BNPT) in 2010 until now. Indonesia's policies in the counter-terrorism strategy are then divided into three, namely strengthening counter- terrorism regulations, making programs to prevent terrorism crimes, and increasing the capacity of anti-terror organizations.