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Eka Wihartati
Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Mechanical Engineering

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Aplikasi Pestisida Nabati Umbi Gadung (Dioscorea hispida) untuk Mengendalikan Hama Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera frugiperda) pada Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays) di Laboratorium Pengamatan Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman (LPHP) Banyumas Eka Wihartati; Arif Prashadi Santosa; Ardiana Kartika B
Proceedings Series on Physical & Formal Sciences Vol. 2 (2021): Prosiding Seminar Nasional Fakultas Pertanian dan Perikanan
Publisher : UM Purwokerto Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (187.096 KB) | DOI: 10.30595/pspfs.v2i.189

Abstract

One of the pests that attack corn plants in Banyumas is the armyworm pest (Spodoptera frugiperda) which has been endemic since early 2019. This pest can cause damage to up to 70% of the total land area of the corn crop. Generally, pest control is carried out using chemical pesticides which have a negative impact on the environment and health. Therefore, to overcome these negative impacts it is necessary to do better control such as control using vegetable pesticides or biopesticides. One of the plants that can be used as vegetable pesticides is the gadung tuber which contains diosgenin, steroid, saponin, alcohol, and phenol compounds. This study aims to determine the difference in the effectiveness of the vegetable pesticides of the gadung tubers which were extracted using two different methods, namely by blending and boiling. The resulting vegetable pesticides were applied to 25 samples of the pest Spodoptera frugiperda. The method of analysis used a qualitative descriptive method. The results showed that after the application of vegetable pesticides twice the samples of the caterpillars used were dead, which was indicated by the visual death appearance of Spodoptera frugiperda where the body turned stiff and secreted fluid, the color of the body turned blackish brown (burnt). The difference in the effectiveness of the results of the application of vegetable pesticides was seen in the mortality rate of caterpillars where for the caterpillars that were applied with boiling of 25 samples, 12 caterpillars that died on the second day, the third day 5, the fourth day 4 caterpillars and the fifth day 4 caterpillars. Meanwhile, for the death rate of caterpillars that were applied with blending of 25 samples, the caterpillars that died on the second day were 10, the third day 7, the fourth day 6, and the fifth day as many as 2 caterpillars. The application of both gadung tuber vegetable pesticides made by blending and boiling is considered equally effective in controlling armyworm pests but seen from the faster mortality rate using vegetable pesticides made by blending.
Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Vermikompos dan Pupuk N, P, K Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Eka Wihartati; Agus Mulyadi Purnawanto; Arif Prashadi Santosa
Proceedings Series on Physical & Formal Sciences Vol. 4 (2022): Prosiding Seminar Nasional Fakultas Pertanian dan Perikanan
Publisher : UM Purwokerto Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/pspfs.v4i.508

Abstract

Salah satu faktor penting dalam budidaya bawang merah adalah pemupukan. Petani cenderung menggunakan pupuk anorganik untuk meningkatkan hasil pertaniannya. Solusi mengatasi pemakaian pupuk anorganik yang berlebihan yaitu dengan vermikompos. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh vermikompos dan pengurangan dosis pupuk N,P,K terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah. Rancangan penelitiannya yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdiri dari 2 faktor, yaitu vermikompos; V0 (vermikompos 0 ton/ha); V1 (vermikompos 20 ton/ha); V2 (vermikompos 40 ton/ha) dan pupuk N,P,K; P1 (pupuk N,P,K 100%); P2 (pupuk N,P,K 75%); P3 (pupuk N,P,K 50%). Terdapat 9 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan yang terdiri dari 5 sampel tanaman pada masing-masing perlakuan diaplikasikan dengan kombinasi vermikompos dan pupuk N,P,K. Variabel total panjang daun dan jumlah daun diamati pada 10-50 hst dengan interval waktu 10 hari. Pada akhir pengamatan (60 hst) dilakukan pengukuran total panjang akar, jumlah umbi, diameter umbi, bobot umbi segar, bobot umbi kering, bobot tanaman segar, dan bobot tanaman kering. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis dengan ANOVA dilanjutkan uji DMRT 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi vermikompos dan pupuk N,P,K mampu mengurangi penggunaan pupuk N,P,K. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian kombinasi vermikompos dan pupuk N,P,K dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang merah. Interaksi vermikompos 20 ton/ha dan dosis pupuk N,P,K 50% berpengaruh paling baik terhadap jumlah daun (26.23 helai), panjang daun (632.13 cm), bobot umbi segar (70.97 gram), bobot umbi kering (11.92 gram) dan bobot tanaman segar (96.52 gram).
Co-Authors Agus Mulyadi Purnawanto Ardiana Kartika B santosa, Arif Prashadi