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All Journal International Journal of Zakat (IJAZ) Bulletin of Islamic Research
Hairunnizam Wahid
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Religion Humanities Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Sustainable Zakat Distribution through Wakalah Contract Hairunnizam Wahid; Syahmi Haziq Osmera; Mohd Ali Mohd Noor
International Journal of Zakat Vol 6 No 1 (2021): International Journal of Zakat
Publisher : Center of Strategic Studies (PUSKAS) BAZNAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37706/ijaz.v6i1.250

Abstract

This study conveys the importance of the skills element in wakalah contract of zakat distribution practiced in Malaysia to ensure the sustainability of continuous zakat distribution. Skillful representatives will manifest good wakalah and simultaneously increase the quality of zakat distribution. This study employed qualitative methodology which was a semi-structured interview method with the Pelaburan Hartanah Berhad (PHB) Company. The skills element becoming the factor for PHB chosen as a research sample is from the entrepreneurial aspect. PHB distributes zakat in a productive form which is in work capital provision. This can facilitate sustainable economic agenda from the aspect of withdrawing asnaf from poverty and ensuring the zakat payment cycle to continue. The informant of interview is a zakat committee member of PHB directly managing the implementation of wakalah in zakat distribution. The results of the study indicated that the wakalah executed by PHB poses several positive impacts such as wider locality of distribution, positive effect from aspect of communal perception on zakat distribution, and positive impact towards the representatives, which is PHB itself. This study imparts several potential suggestions to improve wakalah system of zakat distribution. This study faced several constraints such as research sample and limited types of zakat wakalah. Future studies are suggested to involve more research samples and investigate wakalah from various types of zakat payment.
Establishing Shariah Audit Criteria for Zakat Operations: Where to Begin? Mohd Suffian Mohamed Esa; Salmy Edawati Yaacob; Hairunnizam Wahid
Bulletin of Islamic Research Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Educational Foundation for Qur'anic Exegesis and Hadith Studies (Yayasan Pendidikan Tafsir Hadis)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69526/bir.v3i4.402

Abstract

This study addresses the absence of structured Shariah audit mechanisms in zakat institutions, particularly in the operational aspects of zakat distribution. Hence, the objective of the study is to develop Shariah audit criteria grounded in authoritative references such as fatwas, governance manuals, and Islamic finance standards. Adopting a qualitative document analysis approach guided by the Logical Framework model, this study systematically translates key Shariah principles into practical audit criteria. The findings aim to enhance Shariah assurance, improve institutional accountability, and support more consistent zakat governance practices across decentralized systems. This study presents the development of Shariah audit criteria for zakat distribution by integrating documentary sources such as fatwas, governance standards, and institutional SOPs with practical operational considerations. Key findings include a structured set of audit criteria rooted in principles such as comprehensiveness, prioritisation, and data completeness, which were translated into actionable audit tools. The study also identifies critical enablers such as trained personnel, dedicated Shariah committees, and supportive digital systems that are necessary for effective Shariah auditing. Discussions highlight three key governance gaps: the lack of structured Shariah oversight mechanisms, limited legal institutionalisation of Shariah functions, and insufficient stakeholder competency. The study calls for the establishment of a formal Shariah governance framework, aligned with national enactments and supported by a Shariah Audit Competency Framework. Overall, this research contributes to institutionalising Shariah auditing as both a compliance and strategic governance tool in zakat management, fostering transparency, accountability, and public trust in line with the maqasid of zakat.
Co-Authors Mohd Ali Mohd Noor Mohd Suffian Mohamed Esa Salmy Edawati Yaacob Syahmi Haziq Osmera