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H. Zainuddin
Universiti Teknologi MARA

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An early fault detection approach in grid-connected photovoltaic (GCPV) system N. Muhammad; H. Zainuddin; E. Jaaper; Z. Idrus
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 17, No 2: February 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp671-679

Abstract

Faults in any components of PV system shall lead to performance degradation and if prolonged, it can leads to fire hazard. This paper presents an approach of early fault detection via acquired historical data sets of grid-connected PV (GCPV) systems. The approach is a developed algorithm comprises of failure detection on AC power by using Acceptance Ratio (AR) determination. Specifically, the implemented failure detection stage was based on the algorithm that detected differences between the actual and predicted AC power of PV system. Furthermore, the identified alarm of system failure was a decision stage which performed a process based on developed logic and decision trees. The results obtained by comparing two types of GCPV system (polycrystalline and monocrystalline silicon PV system), showed that the developed algorithm could perceive the early faults upon their occurrence. Finally, when applying AR to the PV systems, the faulty PV system demonstrated 93.38 % of AR below 0.9, while the fault free PV system showed only 31.4 % of AR below 0.9.
Sizing verification of a 4kWp retrofitted grid-connected photovoltaic system: a case study in Shah Alam, Malaysia F.A.M. Shukor; H. Zainuddin; A. Manja; F. L. M. Khir
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 17, No 2: February 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp654-661

Abstract

Electricity are commonly generated from several types of energy resources such as fossil and nuclear energy. However, due to emission of carbon dioxide from both sources, renewable energy is introduced to provide a clean and secure sustainable energy. One of the potential renewable energy application is Photovoltaic (PV) system; namely grid-connected photovoltaic (GCPV) system and stand-alone photovoltaic (SAPV) system. In this study, a mathematical approach of SEDA’s GCPV sizing model is implemented to size a 4kWp of a retrofitted GCPV system by the method claimed to be the best practice mathematical design model under tropical climate Malaysia.  The outcome of the sizing approach will then be evaluated with HelioScope software, one of commercial simulation tools available in current market.  The final result obtained from both methods shows that the final PV array configuration is 1 x 12 (parallel x series) which is in agreement to the actual installed system.
Establishment of Standard Reference Environment for Photovoltaic Nominal Operating Cell Temperature Testing with Dedicated Approach for Tropical Region M.M.M. Hanifah; H. Zainuddin; M.Z. Hussin
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 12, No 1: October 2018
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp433-440

Abstract

This paper presents the establishment of Standard Reference Environment (SRE) for photovoltaic (PV) Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) testing in Malaysia representing one of the countries that lies in tropical region. From a field testing conducted, 12-months data of six parameters namely solar irradiance (SI), ambient temperature (AT), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (WS), wind direction (WD), module temperature (MT) and open circuit voltage were analysed to determine the median SI and the median AT.  From the analysis, the median SI and the median AT are 228 W/m2 and 30 °C respectively.  However, these results show that the current approach in determining SRE using median ambient parameters is not suitable for tropical Malaysia based on the percentage error of approximately   30 %. Due to this, the proposed approach applied in this study is determining the corresponding AT of the same SI (800 W/m2) used in present SRE of international standard. Thus, the new proposed SI and AT for SRE in this study are 800W/m2 and 31°C respectively. The SRE found in this study is determined using dedicated approach to suit tropical climate in deriving a more accurate NOCT for tropical region.
Co-Authors A. Manja E. Jaaper F. L. M. Khir F.A.M. Shukor M.M.M. Hanifah M.Z. Hussin N. Muhammad Z. Idrus