Afarulrazi Abu Bakar
Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia

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Multiloop low bandwidth communication-based power sharing control for microgrids Erum Pathan; Afarulrazi Abu Bakar; Mubashir Hayat Khan; Muhammad Asad; Haider Arshad
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 21, No 2: February 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i2.pp682-690

Abstract

In parallel-connected inverter-based microgrids, the reactive power sharing accuracy can not have satisfactory results effortlessly. Mismatch in feeder impedances of the parallel-connected inverter-based microgrids is a significant cause of inaccurate reactive power-sharing. In voltage source inverters (VSI) based microgrids, especially for the islanded mode of operation, the conventional centralized or decentralized control techniques are not much helpful to control the voltage deviations due to impedance mismatch. Mismatch of the feeder impedance is compensated by the addition of fixed virtual impedance. Whereas, the change in the virtual impedance is compensated by adaptive virtual impedance-based control techniques which are helpful to mitigate power-sharing errors, but in most of the control schemes virtual impedance-based control mechanism needs pre-knowledge of feeder impedance which increases the computational burden. This paper presents a decentralized virtual impedance-based power sharing control. In the proposed control solution to mitigate reactive power sharing errors in distributed generation (DG) units, mismatch of the parallel-connected feeder impedance is equalized by regulating the addition of equivalent impedance to each DG inverter. Proposed control technique offers an independent implementation without any pre-knowledge of the feeder impedance. Hence, the implementation of the control scheme is a straightforward and computational burden is also reduced. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the control scheme. 
Design of 7-level cascade asymmetric multilevel inverter for renewable energy applications using FPGA Afarulrazi Abu Bakar; Hazwaj Mhd Poad; Benjamin Ho Hao Xian; Tharnisha Sithananthan; Wahyu Mulyo Utomo; Triyanto Pangaribowo
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Vol 17, No 2: June 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i2.pp1231-1242

Abstract

The increasing focus on renewable energy has driven the need for efficient and reliable power converters. Multilevel inverters offer low harmonic distortion and high-quality output but often suffer from design complexity and excessive component count. This study presents the design and implementation of a 7-level cascaded asymmetric multilevel inverter optimized for renewable energy applications. The proposed topology utilizes a cascade structure with asymmetric DC voltage sources to generate seven voltage levels, providing a practical balance between performance and simplicity. The design was first validated through MATLAB/Simulink software to analyze circuit operation and evaluate the total harmonic distortion (THD) performance. Experimental evaluation was then conducted using a hardware prototype to verify simulation results. Without a filter, the THD from the simulation was 21.31%, while the experimental setup recorded a slightly higher value of 21.61%, indicating a marginal difference of 0.21%. With a filter, the simulation achieved a THD of 3.81%, whereas the experimental setup outperformed with a THD of 1.5%, showing a notable reduction of 2.31%. These findings confirm the proposed inverter’s capability to deliver superior power quality and operational efficiency. The combination of simulation and experimental validation demonstrates the practicality and reliability of the 7-level cascade asymmetric multilevel inverter for renewable energy applications.