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All Journal Al-Manahij : Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam
Jamal Abdul Aziz
STAIN Purwokerto
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Transformasi Akad Bay' al-Murabahah dari Konsep Fikih ke Produk Bank (Analisis Kritis Perspektif Fikih Muamalah) Jamal Abdul Aziz
Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol 8 No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Sharia Faculty of State Islamic University of Prof. K.H. Saifuddin Zuhri, Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (274.746 KB) | DOI: 10.24090/mnh.v8i2.411

Abstract

Pembiayaan murabahah di bank-bank syariah adalah produk pembiayaan yang berbasis pada akad bay’ al-murabahah. Jika dianalisis dalam perspektif fikih muamalah akad bay’ al-murabahah yang dipraktikkan dalam produk-produk pembiayaan bank syariah tersebut sesungguhnya telah mengalami transformasi sehingga tidak lagi sama persis dengan konsepnya dalam fikih. Tulisan ini memfokuskan diri pada dua persoalan pokok, yakni apa saja bentuk-bentuk transformasi akad yang terjadi pada akad bay’ al-murabahah tersebut dan bagaimana hukum dari transformasi akad tersebut dalam perspektif fikih muamalah. Berdasarkan analisis terhadap data lapangan yang ada, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa transformasi akad bay’ al-murabahah pada produk pembiayaan di bank syariah sekurang-kurangnya meliputi lima aspek, yakni: konstruk akadnya, motif yang mendasari akad, pelibatan akad wakalah, persyaratan jaminan (agunan), dan denda terhadap angsuran yang bermasalah. Jika dinilai dari aspek syariahnya terdapat dua aspek yang tidak sesuai, yakni adanya angsuran pembayaran yang substansinya mirip dengan kredit yang berbunga dan adanya denda bagi yang pembayaran angsuran tersebut bermasalah.
Reformulasi Konsep Najis Ala Ahmad Hassan (1887-1958) Jamal Abdul Aziz
Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol 5 No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Sharia Faculty of State Islamic University of Prof. K.H. Saifuddin Zuhri, Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1634.66 KB) | DOI: 10.24090/mnh.v5i1.645

Abstract

Ahmad Hassan (1887-1958), prominent figure of Persatuan Islam (Persis) who had critical views on Islamic law, offered a conceptual defiling stilth or najis in the context of ablution in Islamic law. In his view there were three kinds of najis: (i) najis as impurity that must be cleaned before praying (salat); (ii) najis as impurity that was forbidden to eat; and (iii) najis as impurity that contained in heart (qalb). These three kinds of najis, according to Hassan, were absolutely based on the rules in Qur`an and Sunnah of the Prophet. Furthermore we can see many controversial opinions of his views in detail rules in this field. In the first kind of najis, according to him, there were only five or six sorts of impurity that were all human substances, they are feces, urine, blood of menstruation, blood of childbirth, mazi, and wadi. These sorts of impurity purely based on the traditions of the Prophet and other legal reasoning. No other impurity or najis need to be cleanned before praying (salat) excepts those five sorts. So, some sorts of impurity like (spittle of) dog, pig, and animal manure, according to his view were not najis that have to be cleanned before praying. In the second kind of najis, according to Hassan forbidden foodstuffs were only forbidden foodstuffs mentioned in Qur`an. There was no forbidden foodstuff outside the Qur`an. In the third kind of najis, according to him, there was metaphor impurity that was in the hearts of unbelievers. The first and second concept of impurity or najis above are important to be studied furthermore.
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