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Pendekatan Competing Risks dalam Menganalisis Kembali Bekerjanya Pekerja White-Collar Pasca COVID-19: Pembelajaran dari Indonesia Christoffel, Joseph; Hutagaol, Octavia Rogate; Uluwiyah, Ana; Lestariningsih, Eni
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol 20 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47198/jnaker.v20i2.584

Abstract

Despite the recovery trend in the labor market after the scarring effects caused by the pandemic, the share of white-collar workers remains below pre-pandemic levels. This study aims to analyze the determinants of reemployment among individuals who exited the workforce due to COVID-19, with a specific focus on differences between white-collar and blue-collar workers. We use micro data from the August 2022 National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas) and employ a survival analysis with the Fine and Gray competing risks model to estimate the subdistribution hazard ration (SHR) for each covariate such as gender, living area, education, and age. The results show that individuals living in urban areas, with post-secondary education, younger age (15–30 years), previous white-collar work experience, and participation in training programs have a significantly higher likelihood of reemployment in white-collar occupations. Conversely, blue-collar reemployment is more likely among those with lower education, rural residence, head-of-household status, previous blue-collar work experience and unmarried individuals. This research emphasizes the importance of investing in human capital and post secondary education for maximizing white-collar jobs reabsorption.
Efek Jangka Pendek Pergerakan Jumlah Pesawat, Penumpang, dan Kargo Udara terhadap PDRB Subsektor Angkutan Udara di Sulawesi Barat (2014–2024): Analisis ARDL Hasbah, Nur Ilmi; Uluwiyah, Ana
WARTA ARDHIA Vol. 51 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sekretariat Badan Kebijakan Transportasi, Kementerian Perhubungan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25104/wa.v51i1.573.22-31

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of the aircraft movements, passenger numbers, and the air freight volume on the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of the air transport subsector in Sulawesi Barat. The study uses quarterly data from Q1 2014 to Q4 2024 (44 observations) and applies the ARDL (3,4,0,0) model selected based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). Stationarity and long-run relationships were tested using the Augmented Dickey-Fuller and Bounds tests, respectively, with no control variables included. The results indicate that only short-run effects were found, while no evidence of long-run cointegration exists among the variables. In the short run, aircraft movements have a positive and statistically significant association with the GRDP of the air transport subsector, whereas passenger numbers and the air freight volume show no significant relationship. However, the model’s high adjusted R² and absence of robustness checks suggest caution in interpretation, as omitted variable bias and limited causal inference may exist. These findings suggest that enhancing aircraft operations and connectivity could support short-term growth in the regional air transport subsector. However, further research incorporating structural breaks and robustness analyses is recommended to strengthen policy conclusions. These insights are relevant for policymakers seeking evidence-based strategies to improve regional air connectivity and optimize the economic role of the air transport subsector in Sulawesi Barat.