Rosa D Pangaribuan
Program Studi Ilmu Perairan, Program Pascasarjana Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Jln. Kampus Unsrat Kleak, Manado 95115, Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia.

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The role of Bakasang as immunostimulant on non-specific immune response in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Pangaribuan, Rosa D; Tumbol, Reiny A; Manoppo, Hengky; Sampekalo, Julius
AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT Vol 1, No 2 (2013): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jasm.1.2.2013.7280

Abstract

Bakasang produced from fermented fish’s offals contains some type of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and have potential as imunostimulant. LAB that can live and grow in the digestive tract of fish serve to suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria, and produce metabolites that can stimulate the activity of the immune system. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of bakasang as imunostimulant and to determine the optimal dose of bakasang for increasing non-specific immune response and growth in tilapia (Oreochronomis niloticus). This research was conducted using completely randomized design with four treatments and three replicates: B0 (0 ml/kg feed), B1 (50 ml/kg feed), B2 (100 ml/kg feed), and B3 (150 ml/kg feed). The treatment feed was given for 4 weeks at a dose of 3% /body weight/day with a frequency of twice a day (08:00 and 17:00). The data taken were immune parameters (total leukocytes and phagocytic activity) and growth. To evaluate the effect of bakasang, the observed parameters were subjected to analysis of variance performed to evaluate differences between the treatments. The results show that after 4 weeks of feeding, the total leukocyte of tilapia treated with bakasang B2 (100 ml/kg feed) on week three was significantly different compared to the total leukocytes in the other treatments with total leukocytes of 68% more than the control. Phagocytic activity in treated fish with 100 and 150 ml/kg (Treatment B2 and B3) were significantly different (p<0.05) from the other treatments. Nevertheless, the phagocytic activity in treatment B2 (100 ml/kg) was higher than B3 (150 ml/kg). Bakasang has an influence on growth during 4 weeks treatment in B1 and B2 which were significantly different to other treatments, but the difference between B1 and B2 treatment was not significantly different. The weight gain of tilapia in treatment B1 was 17.06 ± 3.17 g or 34.75% more than the control treatment, while the B2 body weight reached 17.72 ± 2.63 g or 39.96% greater than the control. In conclusion, the inclusion of bakasang in fish feed by using oral technique with a dose of 100 ml/kg could increase the nonspecific immune response and growth of tilapia. Bakasang yang dihasilkan dari fermentasi jeroan ikan mengandung beberapa jenis Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL) dan mempunyai potensi sebagai immunostimulan. BAL, yang dapat hidup dan tumbuh di dalam saluran pencernaan, berfungsi menekan pertumbuhan bakteri patogen dan menghasilkan produk metabolit yang dapat merangsang aktivitas sistem kekebalan tubuh. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh bakasang sebagai imunostimulan serta menentukan  dosis yang optimal  dalam meningkatkan respon imun non spesifik dan pertumbuhan pada ikan nila (Oreochronomis niloticus). Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan  Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan empat perlakuan B0 (0 ml/kg pakan), B1 (50 ml/kg pakan), B2 (100 ml/kg pakan), dan B3 (150 ml/kg pakan); masing-masing dengan tiga ulangan.  Pakan perlakuan diberikan selama 4 minggu dengan dosis sebanyak 3%/bb/hari dengan frekwensi pemberian 2x sehari pagi (08.00), dan sore (17.00). Data yang diamati terdiri dari parameter imun (total leukosit dan aktivitas fagositik) dan pertumbuhan. Untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh bakasang terhadap parameter yang diamati dilakukan analisis ragam, sedangkan untuk mengevaluasi perbedaan pengaruh antar perlakuan dilakukan Uji Duncan. Setelah diberikan selama  4 minggu, total leukosit ikan nila yang diberi perlakuan bakasang  B2 (100 ml/kg pakan) minggu ke-3 berbeda sangat nyata dibandingkan dengan total leukosit pada perlakuan lainnya dengan total leukosit mencapai 68% lebih banyak dari kontrol. Aktivitas fagositosis pada ikan yang diberi perlakuan 100 ml/kg dan 150 ml/kg (Perlakuan B2 dan B3 ) berbeda nyata (p< 0.05) dengan perlakuan lainnya. Meskipun demikian aktivitas fagositosis pada perlakuan B2 (100 ml/kg) lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada perlakuan B3 (150 ml/kg). Pengaruh bakasang  terhadap pertumbuhan selama minggu ke 4 perlakuan B1 dan B2 berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya, namun antar perlakuan B1 dan B2 tidak berbeda nyata. Perolehan berat ikan nila pada perlakuan  B1 sebesar 17,06 ± 3,17 g atau 34,75% lebih berat dari kontrol, sedangkan pada perlakuan B2 berat tubuh mencapai  17,72 ± 2,63 g atau 39,96% lebih besar dari kontrol. Sebagai kesimpulan, pemberian bakasang secara oral pada pakan ikan dapat menjadi imunostimulan dan memberikan pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan ikan dengan dosis 100 ml/ kg pakan.
Struktur komunitas tumbuhan air di Rawa Mayo, Distrik Kurik, Provinsi Papua Selatan Merly, Sendy Lely; Pangaribuan, Rosa D; Ndawi, Bernadus Mezak
AGRICOLA Vol 13 No 2 (2023): AGRICOLA
Publisher : Universitas Musamus, Merauke, Papua

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35724/ag.v13i2.5598

Abstract

Mayo Swamp is located in Jaya Makmur Village Kurik 4 Kurik District, Regency of Merauke, South Papua Province. It has the potential of aquatic plant which is never exposed and never been studied before. This study aims to identify the species, community structure, and important valur index. The method used in this research is purposive sampling methods, through this method the quadrant 5 x 5m placed in 3 research station, and the total of quadrant was 25 quadrants. Sampling and Analysis held for three months start in August until October 2021. The results show that 4 spesies of aquatic plants successfully identified there are Nephrolepis sp., Stenochlaena palustris (Lemidi), Typha angustifolia (Lidi Air), Nelumbo nucifera (Lotus). Community structure of aquatic plants in mayo Swamps consist of diversity index (H’) the highest is 1,31 and lowest is 0,11 and categorized in low diversity. Eveness index (E) in stasiun I is the highest (0,18), meanwhile in station II and III is 0,3 and cetagorized as low. Furthermore, for Dominance Index (D) the highest goes to station II with 0,75 wand the lowest in station III with 0,29 and it can be concluded that the dominance indez of aquatic plaants in Mayo Swamp Waters in low. Along with that Important Value Index (IVI) was in the same category and species with the higher number of IVI is Stenochlaena palustris (Lemidi) with 95,483.