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All Journal Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Menara Ilmu Agro Bali: Agricultural Journal Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat
HERWITA IDRIS, HERWITA
Kebun Percobaan Laing, Solok
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Computer Science & IT Education Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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TANAMAN KECUBUNG (Datura metel L.) SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU INSEKTISIDA BOTANIS UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN HAMA Aspidomorpha milliaris F. IDRIS, HERWITA
853-8212
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

ABSTRAKKecubung (Datura metel L.) adalah salah satu tanaman obattradisional yang berpotensi sebagai sumber insektisida botanis, namunsampai saat ini belum banyak diteliti. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untukmengetahui efektivitas tanaman kecubung sebagai bahan insektisidabotanis, terhadap serangga Aspidomorpha milliaris F (Coleoptera:Crysomelidae). Penelitian dilakukan di KP. Laing Solok mulai bulan Aprilsampai Oktober 2012, dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (9perlakuan dan 3 ulangan). Perlakuan yang diuji adalah ekstrak daunkecubung pada konsentrasi 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, dan3500 ppm, serta 0 ppm sebagai kontrol. Perlakuan diaplikasikan secarakontak maupun non kontak. Serangga uji yang dipakai pada setiapperlakuan adalah 20 ekor larva instar III, IV, V, VI, dan 10 ekor imago.Parameter pengamatan meliputi persentase kematian, penurunan volumemakan larva dan imago, fekunditas, serta periode prereproduktif imago.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak daun kecubung yang diaplikasikansecara kontak lebih toksik dibandingkan dengan non kontak. Ekstrak daunkecubung kosentrasi 3500 ppm bersifat toksik, menolak makan, danmengurangi fekunditas A. milliaris. Tingkat kematian larva A. milliarisinstar III, IV, V, dan VI berkisar 28,46-39,51%, sedangkan penurunanvolume makan sebesar 10,44-15,76%. Fekunditas A. milliaris menurun21,77%. Oleh karena itu, ekstrak daun kecubung dapat dikembangkansebagai insektisida botanis.Kata kunci: kecubung, insektisida botanis, Aspidomorpha milliaris F.ABSTRACTAmethyst (Datura metel L) is one of a potential plants used as rawmaterial of botanical insecticides, but until now it had not been prived.The purpose of the research is to determine the potential of the amethystas a botanical insecticide to Aspidomorpha milliaris F. (Coleoptera:Crysomelidae). The research carried out in Laing Solok ExperimentalGarden from April to October 2012, in a completely randomized design (9treatments and 3 replications). The treatments were amethyst leaf aqueousextract at concentrations of 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3500ppm, and 0 ppm as a control. The treatments were applied contact andnon-contact. Test insects used in each treatment was 20 larvae instar III,IV, V, VI and 10 imagos. Observation parameters include the mortalitypercentage and eating volume decrease of larvae and imago, fecundity,and imago prereproductive period. The results showed that the leaf extractamethyst which were applied contactly was more toxic than the non-contact. The amethyst leaf extracts at 3500 ppm concentration are toxic. Italso could refuse to eat and reduce fecundity of A. milliari. The mortalityrate for larval instar III, IV, V, and VI ranged 28.46-39.51%, while adecrease of eat volume ranged 10.44-15.76%. The fecundity of A.milliaris decreased 21.77%. Therefore, the leaf amethyst extract can bedeveloped as a botanical insecticide.Keywords: amethyst, botanical insecticides, Aspidomorpha milliaris, F
KESANGGUPAN KECUBUNG (Datura metel) DALAM MENGHAMBAT MAKAN DAN MORTALITAS Plutella xylostella. L Idris, Herwita
Menara Ilmu Vol 13, No 4 (2019): Vol. XIII No. 4 April 2019
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33559/mi.v13i4.1307

Abstract

Cabbage (Brasssica oleracea) is a vegetable product that is very much needed by the community. However, in its exploitation always encountered obstacle because of pest attack. P. xylostella L (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) is a major pest in cabbage farming. Control efforts are commonly done with synthetic insecticides, but this is considered less wise because usually the buildup of pesticide residues is very high, so less good for health. This study aims to determine the ability of amethyst plants (Datura metel) to inhibit the eating and mortality of Plutella xylostella. L on cabbage plants. The experiment was conducted at Laing Solok Experimental Laboratory (Balittro) from July to November 2017. The study used a complete randomized design (RAL) with 4 treatments and 6 replications, each treatment was amethys 4000, 5000, 7500 ppm and without extract (0 ppm) as control. Each treatment was applied to the larvae stadia used by instar II, III and IV, imago from P. xylostella insects. L. From the results obtained that the amethyst extract was able to increase mortality and inhibit the feeding of major insect pests on cabbage plants such as P. xylostella, So for the control of this pest can be done with the use of botanical insecticides, given the whole production of these plants are generally food-oriented. The amethyst extract has good insecticidal properties so it can influence the biological aspects of P. xylostella insects, Keywords: cabbage, Datura metel, P. xylostella, feeding inhibitor, mortality
POTENSI EKSTRAK GAMBIR, SIRIH-SIRIHAN DAN SAMBILOTO UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN Aphis schneideri PADA TANAMAN Klausena Idris, Herwita; Nurmansyah, NFN
Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Vol 27, No 2 (2016): BULETIN PENELITIAN TANAMAN REMPAH DAN OBAT
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bullittro.v27n2.2016.171-178

Abstract

Pestisida yang berasal dari tanaman relatif aman terhadap organisme bukan sasaran dan ramah lingkungan dibandingkan dengan pestisida berbahan aktif kimia sintetik. Gambir, sirih-sirihan dan sambiloto merupakan tanaman potensial sebagai sumber pestisida nabati. Tanaman-tanaman tersebut mengandung senyawa fenolik, minyak atsiri dan metabolit lainnya yang belum dieksplorasi pemanfaatannya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengobservasi potensi ekstrak tanaman gambir, sirih-sirihan, dan sambiloto dalam menanggulangi serangga hama Aphis schneideri yang sering menyerang tanaman klausena. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap, empat ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji terdiri dari ekstrak gambir, sambiloto, dan sirih-sirihan, masing-masing dengan tingkat konsentrasi yang berbeda (8, 12, dan 16 ml l-l) serta kontrol (tanpa perlakuan). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Laing, Solok dari Februari sampai Agustus 2015.  Parameter yang diamati adalah persentase kematian (mortalitas) nimfa dan imago. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak tanaman gambir, sirih-sirihan, dan sambiloto bersifat insektisidal terhadap serangga hama A. schneideri. Ekstrak gambir pada konsentrasi 16 ml l-l mampu mengendalikan nimfa dan imago A. schneideri 100% pada 6 jam setelah aplikasi, sedangkan ekstrak sambiloto pada tingkat konsentrasi yang sama dengan gambir memerlukan waktu 36 jam setelah aplikasi untuk mencapai mortalitas 100%. Ekstrak sirih-sirihan memiliki efikasi terendah dibanding gambir dan sambiloto dengan tingkat mortalitas hanya mencapai 63,83% (nimfa) dan 65,44% (imago) pada 36 jam setelah aplikasi. Ekstrak gambir paling potensial sebagai pestisida nabati untuk mengedalikan A. schneideri dibandingkan dengan ekstrak sirih-sirihan dan sambiloto. Perlu pengujian lapangan untuk mengetahui keefektifan ekstrak gambir dalam mengendalikan serangan hama A. schneideri pada tanaman klausena.
Rice Husk Biochar and Foliar Fertilizer Application in Improving Growth and Production of Patchouli Plants (Pogostemon cablin Benth) Mayura, Eliza; Hariyanto, Bambang; Purnamasari, Neneng Ratna; Idris, Herwita; Tarigan, Rasiska; Hutabarat, Rina C.
Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal Vol 9, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Panji Sakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37637/ab.v9i1.2619

Abstract

Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth) is a major essential oil crop widely used in pharmaceutical, perfumery, and aromatherapy industries. Despite Indonesia supplying most of the global demand, productivity and oil quality remain inconsistent across production regions. Although rice husk biochar and foliar fertilizers are individually known to enhance plant growth, their synergistic interaction and optimal combined dosage for patchouli production have not been clearly established, representing an important research gap. This study represents the first experimental attempt to determine the optimal combined dosage of rice husk biochar and foliar fertilizer for improving patchouli growth and oil yield. A Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors (three biochar levels and three foliar fertilizer levels) and 3 replicates was implemented from June to December 2023 in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Significant interaction effects were observed across major growth and yield parameters. The combination of 200 g plant⁻¹ biochar and 1 ml L⁻¹ foliar fertilizer produced the highest biomass accumulation and oil yield compared with other treatments. These findings provide empirical evidence of a synergistic fertilization effect and offer a cost-efficient nutrient management strategy to enhance patchouli productivity under smallholder farming conditions.
Co-Authors Bambang Hariyanto Hutabarat, Rina C. Mayura, Eliza NENENG RATNA PURNAMASARI Nurmansyah, NFN Rasiska Tarigan