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Alip Sontosudarmo, Alip
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Earth & Planetary Sciences

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Perkembangan Kualitas Sumberdaya Manusia Indonesia : Antara Harapan dan Kenyataan Sontosudarmo, Alip
Majalah Geografi Indonesia Vol 6, No 9 (1992)
Publisher : Majalah Geografi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (197.366 KB)

Abstract

Salah satu ciri pokok keadaan penduduk Indonesia adalah jumlah, yang cukup besar dengan laju pertumbuhan masih tinggi. Meskipun telah terjadi penurunan fertilitas dan mortalitas akan tetapi ketika hal ini belum berpengaruh terhadap perubahan struktur penduduk secara menyeluruh. Perubahan struktur dentografi yang ada Baru tramp& jelas pada kelompak untur 0 - 9 tahun. Pada saat mendatang jumlah pendudduk masih cukup besar dengan pertumbuhan penduduk masih tetap tinggi, meskipun tidak setinggi saat ini. Jumlah penduduk yang besar akan menguntungkan bila diikuti dengan kualitas yang memadai. Artinya aspek kualitas penduduk menjadi sangat penting agar jundah yang bcsarjidak menimbulkan nmsalah. Kualitas penduduk dapat dilihat dari berbagai aspek seperti pendidikan, pekerjaan, kesehatan, pendapatan dan pengeluaran. Dililrat dari pendidikan, sebagian besar penduduk masih berpendidikan rendah, kentudian dilihat dari lapangan, Janis dan status pekerjaan, sebagian besar pew-India yang bekerja produktivitasnya midair. Di bidang kesehatait, nu:skip:or tefah berhasil mengatasi berbagai kids pcnyakit yang ada, nannin scgcra muncid Janis pen yakit barer yang lebilt Relit dintasi. Tingkat pendapatan midair dan sebagian besar pcugeluaran untuk kebutuhan balms tnakan. Kualitas sumberdaya manusia Indonesia, dilihat dari indek mutu hidup maupun indek pembangunan manusia relatif masih rendah bila dibandingkan dengan negara di Asia Tenggara. Terdapat perbedaan yang cukup berarti kualitas sumberdaya manusia menurut propinsi dan tempat tinggal desa-kota. Wilayah dengan jumlah penduduk besar, kepadatan penduduk tinggi dan pertumbuhan penduduk rendah, perkembangan kualitas sumberdaya manusianya relatif lambat. Dilihat menurut lokasi, kualitas sumberdaya Indonesia Bagian Timur jauh lebih rendah dari pada Indonesia Bagian Barat.
The Utilization of Rawa Pening Swamp Area for Fisheries Ritohardoyo, Su; Sontosudarmo, Alip
Forum Geografi Vol 11, No 1 (1997)
Publisher : Forum Geografi

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Abstract

This article concern with the impact of the fishery ‘karamba’ system on socio-economics of fishermen in the Rawa Pening Environs. The aim of the study is to appraise the activities of fishery ‘karamba’ system. In the relationship with loccal fishermen income, and labor force employment. To some extent, the research is directed to study on income differentation based on job status as fishermen and ‘karamba’ farmers. Differentation of tools kinds for fishing, and seasonal variation. Survey method is employed in this research, whether it is for karamba farmer or local fishermen. Respondent number about 187 consists of 139 fishermen, 28 ‘karamba’ labors, and 20 ‘karamba’ farmers. Technical of tabulation and ‘t’ test statistical use for data analysis.The research shows that fishery ‘karamba’ system so much decreases on the activities, number of facilities, and it fish production. Decreasing of those are mainly caused by uncontrolled growth of ‘eceng gondok’ (Eichornia crassipes), capital constrain, and security constraint especially stealing of fish production. The existing of fishery ‘karamba’ system employs 68,00% labors are local fishermen, and 32,00% are not fishermen come from other areas. Viewed by the job opportunities most of part contribute ‘karamba’ farmers (55%) who ome from out of the area, and 45% ‘karamba’ farmer are local people. Really affect of the fishery ‘karamba’ system to the local fishermen is decreasing of fish production. Fish production of local fishermen has been lower since fishery ‘karamba’ system be carried out in this lake. Though the fish production of fishery ‘karamba’ system decreases, however income average of the ‘karamba’ farmer is higher (Rp 1,849,000/annum) than the income average of local fishermen. The average of fishermen income who using fish grasper is higher (Rp 1,401,000/annum) than the average of fishermen income who using fish trap (Rp 1,21,000/unnum) and who using fish grasper and fish trap (Rp 1,349,000/annum). Nevertheless the average of fishermen’s income is higher than ‘karamba’s’ labor (Rp 897,000). This research is also finding wether it is average production or income of the ‘karamba’ farmer are not seasonal, and those are quite difference with local fishermen. The average of fish production on dry season (825 kg) are higher than on wet season (625 kg). Therefore, the average of income on dry season are higher than that on wet season.
The Utilization of Rawa Pening Swamp Area for Fisheries Ritohardoyo, Su; Sontosudarmo, Alip
Forum Geografi Vol 11, No 1 (1997)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/forgeo.v11i1.499

Abstract

This article concern with the impact of the fishery ‘karamba’ system on socio-economics of fishermen in the Rawa Pening Environs. The aim of the study is to appraise the activities of fishery ‘karamba’ system. In the relationship with loccal fishermen income, and labor force employment. To some extent, the research is directed to study on income differentation based on job status as fishermen and ‘karamba’ farmers. Differentation of tools kinds for fishing, and seasonal variation. Survey method is employed in this research, whether it is for karamba farmer or local fishermen. Respondent number about 187 consists of 139 fishermen, 28 ‘karamba’ labors, and 20 ‘karamba’ farmers. Technical of tabulation and ‘t’ test statistical use for data analysis.The research shows that fishery ‘karamba’ system so much decreases on the activities, number of facilities, and it fish production. Decreasing of those are mainly caused by uncontrolled growth of ‘eceng gondok’ (Eichornia crassipes), capital constrain, and security constraint especially stealing of fish production. The existing of fishery ‘karamba’ system employs 68,00% labors are local fishermen, and 32,00% are not fishermen come from other areas. Viewed by the job opportunities most of part contribute ‘karamba’ farmers (55%) who ome from out of the area, and 45% ‘karamba’ farmer are local people. Really affect of the fishery ‘karamba’ system to the local fishermen is decreasing of fish production. Fish production of local fishermen has been lower since fishery ‘karamba’ system be carried out in this lake. Though the fish production of fishery ‘karamba’ system decreases, however income average of the ‘karamba’ farmer is higher (Rp 1,849,000/annum) than the income average of local fishermen. The average of fishermen income who using fish grasper is higher (Rp 1,401,000/annum) than the average of fishermen income who using fish trap (Rp 1,21,000/unnum) and who using fish grasper and fish trap (Rp 1,349,000/annum). Nevertheless the average of fishermen’s income is higher than ‘karamba’s’ labor (Rp 897,000). This research is also finding wether it is average production or income of the ‘karamba’ farmer are not seasonal, and those are quite difference with local fishermen. The average of fish production on dry season (825 kg) are higher than on wet season (625 kg). Therefore, the average of income on dry season are higher than that on wet season.
Pekerja di Sektor Perdagangan pada Ekonomi Skala Kecil Desa Caturtunggal Depok Sleman Sontosudarmo, Alip
Forum Geografi Vol 5, No 2 (1991): December 1991
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/forgeo.v5i2.4680

Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas pekerja di sektor perdagangan pada ekonomi skala kecil di Desa Caturtunggal, Kecamatan Depok, Kabupaten Sleman. Sektor perdagangan pada ekonomi skala kecil menjadi menarik, karena banyaknya pekerja yang dimanfaatkan dan produktivitasnya sampai batas tertentu meningkat pula. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa pada sektor perdagangan pada ekonomi skala kecil ini dapat menyerap pekerja pendatang dan pekerja asli Desa Caturtunggal. Dengan membedakan perdagangan menjadi tiga kelompok, yakni usaha rumah tangga, menetap dan keliling, diperoleh bukti bahwa perdagangan usaha rumah tangga dan menetap banyak dilakukan pekerja asli Desa Caturlunggal (67 persen) dan pedagang keliling banyak dilakukan oleb para pendatang (68 persen). Dua pertiga pekerja di bidang perdagangan ini terdiri dari wanita. Sebagian besar dari mereka mengelompok pada usaha rumab tangga dan usaba menetap. Dilibat dari usia para pekerja, usaha perdagangan menetap lebib tua dibandingkan dengan usaha rumah tangga dan keliling. Hampir separo pekerja pada usaha perdagangan terdiri dari para pendatang. Strategi untuk memperoleh pendapatan yang meningkat usaha perdagangan pada ekonomi skala kecil terpaksa ditempuh dengan jalan memperpanjang jumlah jam kerja dan jumlah pekerja yang terlibat. Meskipun bila dilihat dari jumlah satuan jam kerja dan jumlah yang terlibat tidak menguntungkan, namun hal itu kadang-kadang tetap dilakukan, sehingga produktivitas usaha perdagangan pada ekonomi skala kecil tetap rendah tercermin pada pendapatan.
Co-Authors Su Ritohardoyo