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All Journal Jurnal Fisika Unand Sustainability (STPP) Theory, Practice and Policy
Melda Taspika, Melda
Jurusan Fisika, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Andalas Kampus Unand Limau Manis, Padang - 25163
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics Social Sciences

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Carbon-based Materials for Sustainable Energy Innovations: Recent Advances and Future Challenges Sari Yusuf, Andi Asdiana Irma; Taspika, Melda
Sustainability (STPP) Theory, Practice and Policy Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021): Sustainability (STPP) Theory, Practice and Policy December Edition
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Berkelanjutan UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30631/sdgs.v1i2.1010

Abstract

Sustainable energy is essential to reduce fossil fuel consumption. However, sustainable energy development still faces many problems that make its progress insignificant in the last decades. Alternative energy sources are needed to minimize fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and petroleum). Biomass and carbon fullerenes are a choice, but their innovation technologies are still restricted to pilot-scale production in the laboratory. Biomass is a climate-neutral energy source, but the CO2 emission of biomass combustion is inevitable, indicating the importance of innovative methods in processing biomass to energy. Different methods (thermochemical or biochemical) will produce different carbon footprints. Besides, biomass development also requires innovative small-scale technology to generate affordable energy for citizens and communities. Carbon fullerenes have been applied for energy applications, especially capacitor and lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. Up today, progress in Li-ion battery manufacturing moves at a slower pace and not much progress. The significant problems of Li-ion batteries are volume expansion, low electric conductivity, and inappropriate coulombic efficiency. Carbon-based fibers such as carbon nanofibers, CNT-based fibers, and graphene-based fibers have been used for capacitors, but there are still many obstacles, such as a lack of knowledge to solve capacitor self-discharging. Therefore, research and development of carbon-based materials are urgent energy innovation developments.
Utilization of Biomass as a Carbon Source for The Synthesis of Graphene as a Sustainable Materials Innovation Rahmawati, Dina; Taspika, Melda; Zen, Nur Afifah
Sustainability (STPP) Theory, Practice and Policy Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021): Sustainability (STPP) Theory, Practice and Policy December Edition
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Berkelanjutan UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30631/sdgs.v1i2.1015

Abstract

One of the alternative ways to reduce the use of fossil fuels is the advancement of energy storage devices and energy conversion devices for renewable energy. The electrode is an essential part of its electrochemical performance in energy storage. The specific surface area of the electrode will affect the energy density, lifetime, charging, and discharging of the energy storage devices. Graphene has been widely used for energy storage, such as batteries and supercapacitors. Generally, graphene is synthesized from graphite as a carbon source which some researchers have reported. However, they are still fighting against simple synthesis methods, low-cost raw materials, eco-friendly co-product, and large-scale production. Therefore, advanced research is required to bring graphene from laboratory-scale projects to industry. One of the best solutions is biomass as a raw material to replace graphite in synthesizing graphene. In this review, some methods for synthesizing graphene from biomass will explain briefly, following with their strength and weakness.
PEMBUATAN ELEKTRODA KAPASITOR KARBON BERPORI DARI TEMPURUNG KEMIRI (Aleurites moluccana) SEBAGAI SISTEM CAPACITIVE DEIONIZATION Taspika, Melda; -, Astuti
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 4 No 2: April 2015
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.4.2.%p.2015

Abstract

ABSTRAKKarbon aktif dibuat dari tempurung kemiri (Aleurites moluccana) menggunakan H3PO4 2,5% sebagai aktivator dengan suhu aktivasi 300, 400, 500, dan 600 ºC. Luas permukaan spesifik karbon yang dihasilkan masing-masing adalah 16,514; 6,582; 95,623; dan 391,567 m2/g. Daya elektrosorpsi meningkat dengan bertambahnya suhu aktivasi karena meningkatnya luas permukaan aktif. Karbon dengan suhu aktivasi 600 ºC digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan elektroda kapasitor untuk sistem capacitive deionization (CDI) menggunakan polimer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) sebagai pengikat. Data voltammogram siklik digunakan untuk menentukan besar kapasitansi spesifik elektroda kapasitor yang dibuat dari karbon dengan suhu aktivasi 300 ºC dan 600 ºC. Besar kapasitansi spesifik berturut-turut adalah 81,19 mF/g dan 50,21 mF/g. Sifat kapasitor diamati menggunakan osiloskop dengan memberikan tegangan input berupa sinyal persegi periodik 1,5 V dan dihasilkan tegangan output untuk elektroda dengan suhu aktivasi karbon 300 ºC  dan 600 ºC masing-masing adalah 0,2 V dan 0,6 V dengan pola pengisian dan pengosongan kapasitor.Kata kunci :karbon aktif, capacitive deionization, elektroda kapasitor, tempurung kemiri, H3PO4AbstractActivated carbon was made from candlenut shell (Aleurites moluccana) by using H3PO4 2.5% as activating agent. All samples were heated at the temperatures of 300, 400, 500, and 600 ºC. The results show that activated carbon has specific surface area 16.514; 6.582; 95.623; and 391.567 m2/g respectively. The higher the activation temperature, the higher the power of adsorption capacity since the surface area increases. Electrode capacitor for capacitive deionization (CDI) system was fabricated by using activated carbon that was heated at activation temperature of 600 ºC with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the binder. From cyclic voltammogram of electrode, specific capacitance of CDI electrode by using carbon that was heated at the temperatures of 300 ºC and 600 ºC are 81.19 mF/g and 50.21 mF/g respectively. Characteristics charge and discharge of capacitor was obtained by using oscilloscope. The signal input is square wave 1.5 V and output signal for carbon that was heated at temperatures of 300 ºC  and 600 ºC are sinusoidal wave 0.2 V and 0.6 V.Keywords :activated carbon, capacitive deionization, capacitor electrode, candlenut shell,H3PO4
Co-Authors Astuti - Dina Rahmawati Sari Yusuf, Andi Asdiana Irma Zen, Nur Afifah