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All Journal Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies Musawa : Jurnal Studi Gender dan Islam Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan
Muhamad Isna Wahyudi, Muhamad Isna
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Religion Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Judges’ Legal Reasoning on Child Protection: Analysis of Religious Courts’ Decisions on the Case of Child Parentage Wahyudi, Muhamad Isna
Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 55, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Al-Jamiah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2017.551.127-154

Abstract

This paper examines four religious courts’ decisions on child legal status, especially child parentage, after Constitutional Court’s decision on the legal status of child born out of wedlock. The Constitutional Court’s decision has triggered controversy on the rights of child born out of wedlock due to lack of explanation concerning term ‘civil legal relationship with the biological father’. To study the decisions, the author uses legal philosophy approach, both in legal science and Islamic law, focused on legal reasoning used by judges in decisions on child parentage. As the result, the author finds two types of legal reasoning employed by judges of religious courts  in dealing with cases of child parentage, doctrinal-deductive legal reasoning and maṣlaḥa based legal reasoning. It argues that the employment of doctrinal-deductive legal reasoning by the judges has not benefitted children and therefore the protection of child’s rights has not been optimally made nd that the employment of maṣlaḥa based legal reasoning by the judges has led to the better protection of child’s rights.[Tulisan ini membahas empat putusan pengadilan agama terkait status hukum anak, khususnya waris anak, setelah dikeluarkannya putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) tentang status hukum anak di luar nikah. Putusan MK telah memicu kontroversi karena kesenjangan penjelasan tentang adanya hak perdata seorang anak yang lahir di luar nikah dengan ayah biologisnya. Dalam mengkaji persoalan ini, penulis menggunakan pendekatan filsafat hukum, baik secara ilmiah atau hukum Islam, yang fokus pada argumentasi hukum para hakim dalam kasus hak waris anak. Penulis setidaknya menemukan dua tipe argumentasi yang digunakan para hakim dalam kasus tersebut, yaitu: alasan hukum legal deduktif-doktrinal dan alasan hukum berbasis maṣlaḥah. Tipe yang pertama cenderung melemahkan perlindungan hak anak, sedangkan tipe kedua justru akan menguatkan hak anak.]
Nilai Pembuktian Saksi Perempuan Dalam Hukum Islam Wahyudi, Muhamad Isna
Musawa Jurnal Studi Gender dan Islam Vol. 8 No. 1 (2009)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & The Asia Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/musawa.2009.81.113-124

Abstract

Female witness in Islamic Law as understood by the Islamic jurists is a half of that of male. The Quran also states it distinctly in 2:282. Of course, it seems to be discriminative against women. The question now, does that provision prevail temporally or universally? What is the historical situation proceeding the provision? According to the author, the provision that female witness is a half of that of male is temporal and not universal. It needs two women to bear witness to be equal with the male witness due to the lack of women experience in public matters. So if one is hesitate to bear witness, another is able to remind her. It is important to note that at the time of revelation, the roles of women in Arabia were generally restricted in domestic sector. Therefore, at this time when the women have equal chance with the men to reach higher study, work in public sector and be the president of a nation, it is supposed to treat female witness equal with that of male.
KAJIAN KRITIS KETENTUAN WAKTU TUNGGU (IDDAH) DALAM RUU HMPA BIDANG PERKAWINAN Wahyudi, Muhamad Isna
Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Vol 5 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Pusat Strategi Kebijakan Hukum dan Peradilan Mahkamah Agung RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25216/jhp.5.1.2016.19-34

Abstract

There are some provisions of Bill on the Religious Courts’ Material Law on marriage that need to be formulated in accordance with the current conditions. In this way, the Islamic Marriage Law in Indonesia will become progressive and not discriminative against women. This article is the continuation of the article entitled “Menuju Hukum Perkawinan Islam Progresif” which is published in Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan volume 3, number 1, March 2014. In this article, the author tries to offer reinterpretation on the provision of waiting period (‘iddah) in accordance with the current context. As the result, the waiting period should bind both widow and widower.Keywords : waiting period, sex, gender, equality
JUDGE’S DISCRETION IN ISLAMIC FAMILY LAW: INDONESIAN RELIGIOUS COURTS EXPERIENCE Wahyudi, Muhamad Isna
Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Vol 3 No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Pusat Strategi Kebijakan Hukum dan Peradilan Mahkamah Agung RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25216/jhp.3.3.2014.203-212

Abstract

Tension between Islamic legal tradition and the modern nation state’s role in establishing dan reforming law has become the global controversies and conflicts in Muslim countries over the last decades including Indonesia. Since the enactment of Law No.1/1974 on Marriage, then Compilation of Islamic Law (Kompilasi Hukum Islam/KHI) under President Instruction No.1/1991, dualism of the validity of marriage has been arising in Indonesian Muslim society. The dualism has led to ambivalence towards law enforcement among judges of religious courts in dealing with the petitions for the legalization of marriage while the Law restricts the petitions to marriages before the enactment of Law No.1/1974. In this case, judges of religious court have deviated from the state law by granting legalization to marriages occurred after the enactment of Law No.1/1974. Such deviation is known as judge’s discretion. Despite judges of religious courts seem to adhere to the Islamic legal tradition than the State law in the case of legalization of marriage; they have deviated from Islamic legal tradition or state law in terms of the fulfillment of divorced wife’s rights, joint property, custody, and inheritance. Their discretion is merely to provide the justice to the litigants when the application the letter of the law is contradictory to justice. In this way, they have also taken a part in reforming the Islamic FamilyLaw.Keywords: judge, discretion, justice.
MENUJU HUKUM PERKAWINAN ISLAM PROGRESIF TOWARDS PROGRESSIVE ISLAMIC MARRIAGE LAW Wahyudi, Muhamad Isna
Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Vol 3 No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Pusat Strategi Kebijakan Hukum dan Peradilan Mahkamah Agung RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25216/jhp.3.1.2014.59-68

Abstract

There are some provisions on the Bill of Religious Judicature Substantial Law on Marriage that need to be formulated in accordance with the present time. In this way, the Islamic Law of Marriage in Indonesia will be progressive and not discriminative against women. Those provisions include the pillar of marriage, the age of marriage, the guardian of marriage, and the status of child. This article tries to contextualize those provisions in accordance with the present time using hermeneutical approach. As the result, the registration of marriage should be one of the pillars of marriage, the age of marriage should be formulated by considering women’s reproduction health, the guardian of marriage for the bride is not pillar of marriage, and the child of pregnant woman marriage is counted as legal child whose lineage to both parents. Keywords: pillar of marriage, the age of marriage, the guardian of marriage, and the status of child.
MELACAK ILLAT HUKUM LARANGAN WARIS BEDA AGAMA Wahyudi, Muhamad Isna
Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Vol 10 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Pusat Strategi Kebijakan Hukum dan Peradilan Mahkamah Agung RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25216/jhp.10.1.2021.155-172

Abstract

AbstrakKompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) tidak mengatur waris beda agama secara jelas, KHI hanya mensyaratkan pewaris dan ahli waris memiliki agama yang sama. Di pengadilan, hakim-hakim Pengadilan Agama menggunakan wasiat wajibah untuk membagi harta warisan dengan ahli waris non-Muslim, berdasarkan yurisprudensi Mahkamah Agung Nomor 368 K/AG/1995. Sebagai hasilnya, perbedaan agama masih menjadi halangan bagi Muslim dan non-Muslim untuk saling mewarisi karena penerapan hukum tanpa mempertimbangkan illat hukum larangan waris beda agama. Dalam hal ini, penting untuk meneliti illat hukum hadis yang melarang waris beda agama sebagaimana yang dicoba dilakukan oleh artikel ini. Untuk melakukan penelitian tersebut, penulis menggunakan pendekatan usul fikih dan hermeneutika. Hasilnya, penulis sampai pada kesimpulan bahwa illat hukum hadis yang melarang waris beda agama adalah karena unsur permusuhan dan kejahatan, dan bukan karena perbedaan agama. AbstractKompilasi Hukum Islam does not regulate interfaith inheritance distinctly, it only requires the testator and the heirs have the same religion. At court, judges of religious courts employ obligatory bequest (wasiat wajibah) to share inheritance with non-Muslim heirs, based on jurisprudence of the Supreme Court Number 368 K/AG/1995. As the result, different faith still become hindrance for Muslim and non-Muslim to inherit each other due to law enforcement without considering the legal reason (ratio legis) of the law. In this case, it is important to investigate the legal reason (ratio legis) of the hadith that prohibits the interfaith inheritance as this article tries to do. To do the investigation, the author employs Islamic legal theories (usul fikih) and hermeneutics approach. As the result, the author comes to the conclusion that the ratio legis of the hadith that prohibits the interfaith inheritance is due to hostility and crime elements, and not due to different faith.
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