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WARNA-WARNI PENDAMPINGAN TOPIK AKUNTANSI PADA UMKM ZINC ANODE Rahayu Kusumawati; Epson Prasetyo, Irhamsyah
KUAT : Keuangan Umum dan Akuntansi Terapan Vol 2 No 1 (2020): Edisi Maret
Publisher : Polytechnic of State Finance STAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (384.847 KB) | DOI: 10.31092/kuat.v2i1.818

Abstract

Kegiatan PT Anugrah Cemerlang Nusantara sebagai usaha keluarga yang berjalan dengan apa adanya. Dikarenakan keterbatasan dalam sumber daya manusia dan kurangnya motivasi untuk mengembangkan dan memaksimalkan potensi secara keseluruhan.  PT Anugrah Cemerlang Nusantara sudah memiliki konsep dalam melakukan pencatatan namun dalam pelaksanaannya tidak sesuai sehingga pencatatan yang dilakukan bermasalah. Permasalahan dimulai dengan tidak sesuainya laba yang diharapkan pemilik dengan laba riil. Penulis mencoba mengaplikasikan pengetahuan yang dimiliki dengan melakukan wawancara dan pendokumentasian secara intensif, sehingga pada akhirnya disimpulkan bahwa sebaiknya dilakukan beberapa sosialisasi terkait pembukuan akuntansi, perhitungan ulang harga pokok, dan sosialisasi terkait pengetahuan ekspor dan impor.
Pengaruh Bonus Plan, Debt Covenant, Dan Political Cost Terhadap Income Smoothing: Studi Empiris Pada Sektor Infrastruktur, Utilitas, Dan Transportasi Tahun 2015 s.d. 2019 Rahayu Kusumawati; Rasifa Edwita
Akuntansiku Vol 1 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : PT WIM Solusi Prima

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (435.441 KB) | DOI: 10.54957/akuntansiku.v1i2.186

Abstract

Praktik manajemen laba merupakan isu global yang penting dalam bidang pelaporan keuangan. Salah satu bentuk dari manajemen laba adalah perataan laba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kecenderungan manajer perusahaan dalam melakukan perataan laba ditinjau dari aspek teori akuntansi positif; rencana bonus, perjanjian utang, dan biaya politik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Penelitian dilakukan pada sektor infrastruktur, utilitas, dan transportasi yang terdaftar dalam Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2015—2019 berdasarkan klasifikasi JASICA. Sampel diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling dengan total observasi sebanyak 90. Penelitian menggunakan tiga variabel independen, yaitu: rencana bonus (bonus plan), perjanjian utang (debt covenant), dan biaya politik (political cost). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga variabel yang dianalisis memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kecenderungan manajer untuk meratakan laba. Walaupun ketiga variabel dihipotesiskan memiliki hubungan positif pada perataan laba, hanya biaya politik yang terbukti memiliki hubungan sesuai hipotesis. Implikasi teoritis pada penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai pendukung teori sinyal dan teori akuntansi positif. Sementara, implikasi praktis bagi para investor dan kreditur adalah pembuatan keputusan berinvestasi yang lebih baik bagi para pemilik modal dan kreditur. The practice of earnings management has been widely an issue in the financial reporting around the world. One form of earnings management majorly studied is income smoothing. This study aims to examine the factors from positive accounting theory; namely bonus plan, debt covenant, and political cost, on its impact towards managerial tendency to practice income smoothing. The method used in this study ia a quantitive method. This research was conducted throughout the infrastructure, utility, and transportation sector in refer to JASICA classification for the 2015 to 2019 period, in which 18 samples were gathered from purposive sampling scheme, generating 90 observations in total. The study uses three independent variables, namely: bonus plan, debt covenant, and political cost. The results show that each variable has significant effect on the practice of income smoothing. Whilst all variables were assumed to have positive association, only political cost exhibited such direction, while bonus plan and debt covenant are negatively associated with income smoothing. The theoretical implications of this research can be used as a support for signal theory and positive accounting theory. Meanwhile, the practical implications for investors and creditors are making better investment decisions for investors and creditors.
FROM FTA TO EXPORT EARNINGS: UNLOCKING INDONESIA’S EXPORT POTENTIAL TO CHILE THROUGH TRADE COMPLEMENTARITY, RCA, AND NTM MITIGATION Rahayu Kusumawati; Nurkhamid, Muh.
Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING) Vol. 8 No. 6 (2025): COSTING : Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting
Publisher : Institut Penelitian Matematika, Komputer, Keperawatan, Pendidikan dan Ekonomi (IPM2KPE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31539/4t2sfr20

Abstract

This study aims to explain why trade intensity between Indonesia and Chile remains low despite the implementation of the Indonesia–Chile Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IC-CEPA), which has provided zero-tariff access for 6,704 tariff lines since August 2019. Using a descriptive quantitative approach and secondary data from UNCOMTRADE, WITS, and UNCTAD TRAINS for the period 2019–2024, this study examines four integrated indicators: the Trade Intensity Index (TII), Trade Complementarity Index (TCI), Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), and Export Market Penetration (EMP), complemented by an analysis of non-tariff measures (NTMs). The findings reveal that although Indonesian exports to Chile increased significantly to US$337.5 million in 2024, generating a record trade surplus of US$202 million, the TII remains low at 0.29 substantially below Peru’s TII of 0.61, despite Peru not having a free trade agreement with Indonesia. This paradox reflects a mismatch between strong structural potential and actual trade performance. While trade structures are highly complementary (TCI = 58.12) and Indonesia demonstrates strong competitiveness in key products such as cotton yarn (RCA = 77.40) and vegetable oils (RCA = 40.53), actual market penetration remains limited (EMP < 15%). This gap is primarily attributed to non-tariff barriers, particularly Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) measures and Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), as well as the possible underutilization of Certificates of Origin (COOs). The novelty of this study lies in its first-time integration of these four indicators within an IC-CEPA diagnostic framework, shifting the analytical focus from aggregate export growth to micro-level, product specific constraints. The findings provide an evidence-based foundation for policy recommendations aimed at enhancing FTA utilization and transforming preferential tariff access into sustainable export earnings.