Osawaru, Moses Edwin
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Morphological Characterization of Okra (Abelmoschus [Medik.]) Accessions Ogwu, Matthew Chidozie; Onosigbere-Ohwo, Uruemu; Osawaru, Moses Edwin
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 22, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Okra (Abelmoschus [Medik.] species) is a prominent vegetable due to the diverse economic roles of its leaves, fruits, seeds, floral parts, and stems. This study investigated the morphological distinctiveness among varieties and between species of okra. Five okra accessions were obtained from the National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Nigeria, including two A. esculentus (NG/OA/03/12/157 and NG/OA/05/12/159) and three A. caillei (NG/OA/03/12/158,NG/SA/DEC/07/0475, and NG/SA/DEC/07/0482) species. During the developmental stage, the accessions exhibited adegree of similarity; however, at maturity, the leaf and fruit color, height, leaf shape, and flowers of the five accessionsbecame distinct. A cluster of the phenotype was observed at 4.123 level of coefficient of similaritywith two distinctclusters. Distinct morphological features included the nature of the epicalyx segment, the position of the fruit on thestem, fruit shape, and fruit color. These features may be used to identify the accessions. The common morphological features of clusters 1 and 3 were leaf shape and fruit length at maturity. Significant differences were observed among allthe five accessions in terms of stem length, petiole length, and leaf node. This study suggests that morphological variations exist among the accessions, which can be further enumerated through molecular characterization. The characteristics could distinguish the Abelmoschus accessions into A. caillei and A. esculentus and provide credence to the use of morphological characteristics to characterize plant genetic resources. These characteristics may be exploitedby plant breeders for sustainable utilization of the okra germplasm.
Morphological Evaluationof Tomato (Solanum lycopersicumLinn.) Cultivars Chime, Anthonia Odinita; Aiwansoba, Raymond Osas; Osawaru, Moses Edwin; Ogwu, Matthew Chidozie
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 21, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Tomato (Solanum lycopersicumLinn.) is widely cultivated andis economically beneficial. Tomatocultivars were obtained from traditional agriculture systems, and their morphological characters were evaluated. The cultivars included Pepper tomato [ED/CH/01], Edo local [ED/CH/02], Golden tomato [ED/CH/03]and Derica tomato [ED/CH/04]. Results of the principal component analyses of 27 morphological characters indicated that two characters accounted for 94.65 % of the observed variations. Scatter plots suggested good tendency of grouping for the four accessions. In the dendrogram, two clusters were formed withED/CH/01, ED/CH/02 and ED/CH/03 grouped together whereas ED/CH/04 clustered separately.The clustering pattern implicated a common origin and/or gene pool for the cultivars. Cultivars ED/CH/01, ED/CH/03 and ED/CH/04 showed determinate growth type, while ED/CH/02 showed a semi-determinate growth pattern. Further, in terms of plant size, ED/CH/01 and ED/CH/02 were intermediate, while ED/CH/03 and ED/CH/04 were large. The characteristics of the flower and fruits exhibited diversity in terms of the corolla color, style, shape, fruit size at maturity, exterior color of the mature fruit, fruit shoulder, fruit cross-sectional shape, and fruitblossom end shape. These cultivars collectively possess characteristics that can be used by plant breeders. Werecommend that further characterization using molecular techniques as well as conservation attention for these local germplasms should be conducted.