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All Journal Brawijaya Law Journal : Journal of Legal Studies Indonesia Law Review (ILREV)
Tobias, Evan
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Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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WANDERING WITH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ITS OBSCURE LEGAL LIABILITY Nur Fauzan, Muhammad Pasha; Amarta, Darian; Tobias, Evan; Ricardo, Vikri; G., Melania Fidela
Indonesia Law Review Vol. 11, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The high level of autonomy of AI will raise the problem of legal liability at some point in the future. If AI’s behaviour causes an illegal consequence, who to held liable? This article will explore the problem concerning legal liability of AI into two main discussion. The first discussion will explore the possibility of imposing legal liability of AI to human. This part will discuss various available option to solve the AI liability problem by imposing legal liability on either users or manufacturers. While the second discussion will explore the possibility of imposing legal liability of AI to AI itself. This part is a different discussion area based on experimental of legal thinking and hypothetical scenario to test the possibility of imposing legal liability on AI either as artificial person just like corporation or as natural person just like human. This article concludes that imposing legal liability on both users and manufacturer are very problematic. Meanwhile, imposing legal liability on AI itself faces a serious philosophical and sociological challenge.
Commencing Deep Seabed Mining: A Review on Law No. 3 of 2020 on Mineral and Coal Mining Tobias, Evan
Brawijaya Law Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022): International Law and Security
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.blj.2022.009.01.05

Abstract

In 2020, the Government of Indonesia enacted Law No. 3 of 2020 on Mineral and Coal Mining, which amended Law No. 4 of 2009 on Mineral and Coal Mining. Under this amendment, Law No. 3 of 2020 on Mineral and Coal Mining expands the definition of mining law territories, as stipulated under Article 1, number 28a. This provision covers the mining law territories of the Indonesian archipelago, seabed area, and continental shelf. This study explores the legal consequences of the term “seabed area” in Law No. 3 of 2020 on Mineral and Coal Mining, to determine whether the law paves the way for deep seabed mining. Through normative and descriptive approaches, this study found that despite the broader definitions of mining territories, Law No. 3 of 2020 on Mineral and Coal Mining is insufficient to initiate deep seabed mining. This is because seabed mining requires a detailed governance structure, especially on the rights and duties of every party involved. Therefore, this paper recommends that the activity be regulated by a distinctive law that specifically addresses seabed mining.
Co-Authors Amarta, Darian G., Melania Fidela Nur Fauzan, Muhammad Pasha Ricardo, Vikri