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All Journal BERITA BIOLOGI Perspektif, Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri
SUBIYAKTO SUBIYAKTO, SUBIYAKTO
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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KOMPOSISI KIMIA MINYAK ATSIRI PADA BEBERAPA TIPE DAUN TEMBAKAU (Nicotiana tabaccum L.) Nurnasari, Elda; Subiyakto, Subiyakto
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 10, No 5 (2011)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (509.83 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v10i5.1913

Abstract

Steam distilation of tobacco (Nicotiana tabaccum L) from 4 different area, Madura (1160 gram), Temanggung (2000 gram),Bondowoso (3528 gram), and Blitar (950 gram) yielded 2,67x10-2 %, 6,93x10-2 %, 0,8428%, and 0,0632 % essensial oil respectively.The oils then analyzed using GC-MS methods. The results identified 30 components from the Madura’s tobacco, 11 components from the Temanggung’s tobacco, 67 components from the Bondowoso’s tobacco, and 20 components from the Blitar’s tobacco.The major essential oil compounds was neophytadien.
Ekstrak Biji Mimba Sebagai Pestisida Nabati: Potensi, Kendala, dan Strategi Pengembangannya SUBIYAKTO, SUBIYAKTO
Perspektif Vol 8, No 2 (2009): Desember 2009
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (867.701 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/p.v8n2.2009.%p

Abstract

ABSTRAKMahalnya harga pestisida kimia dan dampak negatif penggunaan pestisida kimia  merupakan masalah penting dalam pengendalian hama tanaman. Oleh karena itu perlu dicari pestisida alternatif untuk mensubstiusi pestisida kimia. Pestisida alternatif tersebut harus efektif, mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan, dan harganya relatif murah. Pestisida nabati  seperti Ekstrak Biji Mimba (EBM) dapat digunakan sebagai  alternatif.  EBM dapat berperan sebagai larvisida dan ovisida, menghambat perkembangan  larva,  memperpendek  umur  imago, dan mengurangi fekunditas. EBM sudah dicobakan antara lain untuk mengendalikan hama pada tanaman kapas, tembakau, kedelai, jeruk, dan sayuran. EBM menyebabkan kematian pada ulat jarak Achaea janata 78,9-100%. EBM yang dikombinasikan dengan biopestisida Helicovera armigera Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (HaNPV) untuk mengendalikan  ulat  kapas Helicoverpa sp dapat mengurangi biaya pengendalian hama sampai 63,4%. Kendala yang dihadapi dalam pengembangan EBM adalah daya bunuhnya lambat, berbeda dengan pestisida    kimia.    Strategi pengembangan pestisida nabati ke depan adalah perlu sosialisasi penggunaan pestisida nabati EBM kepada petani melalui Sekolah Lapang.Kata kunci: Azadirachta indica L., ekstrak biji mimba, pestisida nabati, poten-si, kendala, strategi pengembangan. ABSTRACTNeem  Seed  Extract  as  a  Botanicals  Pesticide: Potency, Problem, and Strategy for  Its Develop-mentA hight cost  of pesticide and effect of chemical pesticide are the main problems  in pest control. Alternative pesticide should be found to substitute chemical pesticide. It is should be effective, reducing polution, and economic. The use of botanicals pesticide with a extraction method for production might be an alternative method. Based on this study, Neem Seed Extract (NSE) can be used as botanicals pesticide. NSE acted as a larvicide and an ovicide. NSE acted as a larvicide that delayed larval development, shorthened adult longivity, and decreased fecundity. NSE acted as an ovicide that decreased precentage of eggs hatching. NSE caused motality for castor oil worm Achaea janata 78.9-100%.  NSE  can  be  combined  with  Helicoverpa armigera Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (HaNPV) and  can reduce cost of pest control until 63.4%.  NSE had been used by stakeholders and they interested to using it. The strategy of botanicals pestiscide development can be done by Farmer Field School.Key words: Azadirachta indica L., Neem Seed Extract, botanicals pesticide, potency, problem, strategic for development
Co-Authors Elda Nurnasari