Frandy Frandy
Department of Emergency, St Vincentius Hospital, Singkawang

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First Year Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Profile in Singkawang West Borneo 2017 – 2018 Frandy Frandy; Prionggo Mondrowinduro
The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy Vol 19, No 2 (2018): VOLUME 19, NUMBER 2, August 2018
Publisher : The Indonesian Society for Digestive Endoscopy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (471.518 KB) | DOI: 10.24871/192201883-90

Abstract

Background: Gastrointestinal endoscopic examination which is included in the referral system of the Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) has been available at St Vincentius Hospital Singkawang and already been conducted by internist since March 2017 to diagnose upper and lower gastrointestinal diseases. The gastrointestinal endoscopic examination unit serves referrals from Singkawang and its 3 surrounding districts (Sambas, Bengkayang, and Mempawah) that close to the Malaysian border. The purpose of this study is to determine the patients’ profile from Singkawang, Sambas, Bengkayang, and Mempawah Districs who underwent gastrointestinal endoscopic examination at St Vincentius Hospital from March 2017 to April 2018.Method: This is a retrospective descriptive study by using secondary data of patient’s  medical records at St Vincentius Hospital Singkawang in March 2017 - April 2018. Every patient is included as a sample (total sampling). Total numbers are consisted of 308 patients including 230 esophagogastroduodenoscopies and 78 colonoscopies.Result: The results of this study showed that majority of patients were more likely to undergo esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) (75%) than colonoscopy (25%). Males, age group of 51-70 years old and Malay ethnic are the groups of patients who have the most upper and lower gastrointestinal disorders. The prominent finding of esophagogastroduodenoscopy was erosive gastritis (64%), whereas internal hemorrhoids was the most common finding in colonoscopy (67%); if internal hemorrhoids was excluded, colon mass became the most common finding disorder.Conclusion: Patient were mostly male, age group between 51 – 70 years old and Malay. The most common finding in colonoscopy (67%); if internal hemorrhoids was excluded, colon mass shifted forward  as the top finding disorder.
Acute Cholangitis: An Update in Management Based on Severity Assessment Robert Christeven; Frandy Frandy; Andersen Andersen
The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy Vol 19, No 3 (2018): VOLUME 19, NUMBER 3, December 2018
Publisher : The Indonesian Society for Digestive Endoscopy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (231.798 KB) | DOI: 10.24871/1932018170-177

Abstract

Acute cholangitis (AC) is a biliary tract emergency which causes significant morbidity and mortality. The direct cause of death in AC is sepsis that leads to irreversible shock and multiple organ failure. The most common predisposition are bile duct stones and previous invasive manipulation of the biliary tree. Biliary infection and biliary obstruction are the two main factors in pathophysiology of AC. Gram-negative bacteria are isolated frequently from bile and blood culture in cholangitis. The most common cause of biliary obstruction is gallstone.The Charcot’s triad which commonly has been used to diagnose AC is severely limited and the clinical presentation of the disease has wide spectrum ranging from mild symptoms to severe life-threatening disease. Thus, the use of the most updated Tokyo Guidelines (TG18) is imperative to diagnose the disease and to assess the severity. The TG18 diagnostic criteria is based on the presence of systemic inflammmation, cholestasis, and evidence on imaging studies of biliary tract. The prompt treatment is tailored according to severity assessed by TG18. Initial treatment includes sufficient fluid replacement, hemodynamic control, electrolyte compensation, intravenous antibiotic administration, and intravenous analgesic administration.  The definitive treatment which related to the pathophysiology of the disease are biliary drainage and antibiotic administration.