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Changes of heavy metal concentrations in Shitalakhya river water of Bangladesh with seasons Kabir, Md. Humayun; Islam, Md. Sirajul; Tusher, Tanmoy Roy; Hoq, Md. Enamul; Mamun, Shamim Al
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 5, No 3 (2020): IJOST: VOLUME 5, ISSUE 3, 2020
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v5i3.25007

Abstract

Heavy metal concentrations in water and fish of the Shitalakhya river was measured to find out the suitability of its water for drinking and irrigation purposes. The concentrations of Pb, Cu, Cr, Zn, Cd and Hg in water were 0.0065; 0.0240; 0.0069; 0.8170; 0.0044; and 0.0057 mg/L, respectively in pre-monsoon, 0.0029; 0.0151; 0.0019; 0.4270; 0.0015; and 0.0020 mg/L, respectively in monsoon, and 0.0040; 0.0212; 0.0039; 0.6520; 0.0029; and 0.0031 mg/L, respectively in post-monsoon season. The heavy metal concentrations were found higher in pre-monsoon followed by post-monsoon and monsoon. The results also depicted that over the three seasons heavy metal pollution index and heavy metal evaluation index for all metals were lower than the critical pollution index value and low heavy metal contamination, respectively, and the degree of contamination in pre-monsoon season stated medium level pollution, followed by post-monsoon and monsoon season. The concentrations of Pb, Cu, and Cr in fish were found less than the lower detection limit, while the Zn were found 25.42; 18.30; and 29.34 mg/kg during the pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon, respectively. The study concluded that the Shitalakhya river water was not safe for the aquatic environment, especially for aquatic biota.
Analyzing the Dynamics of SGD-BDT Exchange Rate: Economic and Geopolitical Perspectives  Bari, Md. Saiful; Kabir, Md. Humayun
Economics, Business, Accounting & Society Review Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Economics, Business, Accounting & Society Review
Publisher : International Ecsis Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55980/ebasr.v4i1.168

Abstract

This research explores the exchange rate dynamics between the Singapore Dollar (SGD) and the Bangladeshi Taka (BDT) over the past decade. In order to determine their impact, it evaluates important variables like GDP growth, inflation, trade balances, monetary policies, and geopolitical developments. The SGD has been strengthened by Singapore's strong economic stability, steady trade surpluses, and efficient government, according to an analysis of data from 2014 to 2024. In the meantime, the BDT has weakened due to Bangladesh's trade deficits, inflationary trends, and political difficulties and in addition to non-economic factors like political stability, market sentiment, and world geopolitical events, macroeconomic measures, including GDP growth, inflation, trade balances, and interest rates, also influenced exchange rate fluctuations. The analysis emphasizes that the SGD's gain over the BDT has been driven by Singapore's better GDP growth, lower interest rates and inflation, and ongoing trade surpluses. On the other hand, the BDT has been undermined by Bangladesh's reliance on imported products, trade imbalances, and political unrest. Exchange rate volatility has also increased due to worldwide disturbances like the COVID-19 epidemic and the Russia-Ukraine conflict. With an emphasis on the necessity of efficient currency risk management and the opportunities presented by trade and investment in the face of currency changes, these findings provide insightful information for investors, entrepreneurs, and policymakers.