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All Journal JAS (Journal of ASEAN Studies) Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional
Curie Maharani
Binus University
Social Sciences

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Far from Home: Profile of pro-IS Deportees’ Mobility throughout 2016-2020 and Prevention Strategy of Indonesian Government Andi Raihanah Ashar; Curie Maharani
JAS (Journal of ASEAN Studies) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022): Journal of ASEAN Studies
Publisher : Centre for Business and Diplomatic Studies (CBDS) Bina Nusantara University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21512/jas.v10i1.7732

Abstract

Transnational terrorism has been a worldwide challenge, especially after the declaration of Islamic State (IS) that was based in Syria and Iraq in 2014. By 2017, most foreign terrorist fighters (FTFs) from Southeast Asia were Indonesian nationals, of almost 700 individuals. The actual number might be higher as some departed to Syria and other destination countries, like Afghanistan, the Philippines, and India, undetected. The research aimed to examine how Pro-IS terrorists exploit loopholes in border and immigration control to join IS abroad and the shortcoming in Indonesian government strategy to counter their mobility. The novelty of the research rested on its use of Supreme Court’s record of 38 Pro-IS deportees to build a dataset of their profile and travel history from 2016 to 2020. Profile of individual deportee was categorized into demography, affiliation, and funding. Travel history was mapped in accordance with the point of departure in Indonesia, transit country, final destination, and location where the arrest took place- which then led to deportation. The research finds that Indonesia needs improvement in human resources, law enforcement, immigration management, border control, as well as cross-border cooperation.
FORECASTING BUDGET REQUIREMENT FOR INDONESIAN ARMS MODERNISATION WITH INTERNATIONAL COST ESCALATION (ICE) Maharani, Curie; Noor, Reyhan; Pratama, Sandy J; Wicaksono, Ganesh A.
Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional Vol. 27, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

In 2021, the question "How much is enough" emerged in national debate following the plan of the then Indonesian Defence Minister, Prabowo Subianto, to allocate 1.7 quadrillion Rupiah for military modernisation from 2020 to 2045. This article follows up on this debate by recommending a budget forecasting model for the weapons acquisition requirements of the Indonesian National Defence Forces (TNI) during the period 2025 to 2044. The model is built by considering International Cost Escalation (ICE), which is the increase in the unit cost of successive generations of similar weapons, causing a steady increase in the price of weapons systems each year. Four main variables are integrated into the forecasting framework: the need for modernisation of 10 selected weapon systems categorised by two technology sources (Western and Eastern), macroeconomic growth trends, the defence burden to GDP and investment (modernisation spending) as a percentage of total defence spending, and the value of the selected ICE. This study concludes the following: (1) there are three possible scenarios for the modernisation of Indonesia's weapons systems based on technology sources from Western countries, Eastern countries, and a combination of Western and Eastern countries (diversification); (2) current macroeconomic conditions and defence burdens are not sufficient to support full-scale modernisation using Western technology alone.
Co-Authors Andi Raihanah Ashar Noor, Reyhan Pratama, Sandy J Wicaksono, Ganesh A.