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All Journal Jurnal Ilmiah HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL HUMANISMA : Journal of Gender Studies
Toni Kurniawan
Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
Humanities Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Social Sciences

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Normalisasi Hubungan Israel dan Arab dalam Konteks Israel-Palestina Anna Zakiah Derajat; Toni Kurniawan
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 18 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v18i2.4451.133-149

Abstract

The normalization of relations between Israel and Arabs in the current decade is one of the obstacles in the struggle for Palestinian independence. In 2020, Donald Trump has mediated between four Arab countries to agree on normalizing relations with Israel. Behind this agreement, there are various interests of related Arab countries, Israel and the US in the Middle East region. This study aims to explain how the normalization of relations between Israel and the Arab state under the Trump administration and its impact on issues in the Middle East region, as well as the struggle for Palestinian independence using a constructivist perspective. The researchmethod used is qualitative research with a literature study approach. Based on the results of data analysis, the normalization of relations between Israel and the Arab state is carried out based on elements of identity, interest, intention, and values, so that the US is considered to play Israel as a political tool in the Middle East. Keywords: Constructivist, Normalization of relationships, Palestinian independence, Donald Trump's political policies, The interest of the 2020 United States presidential election.
Tpks Law as an Effort to Prevent Relations of Power in Sexual Violence in Religious Education Institutions Toni Kurniawan; Anna Zakiah Derajat
HUMANISMA : Journal of Gender Studies Vol 6, No 2 (2022): December 2022
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30983/humanisme.v6i2.5822

Abstract

Cases of sexual violence in Islamic boarding schools are currently a public concern. The existence of vulnerability to women as victims of criminal acts of sexual violence is caused by several factors, such as the occurrence of power relations in the pesantren environment. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the construction of sexuality, social, knowledge, and power relations that have an important influence on the persistence of patriarchal discourse in society, especially in religious education institutions or Islamic boarding schools. In analyzing the problems in this study, the author uses Michel Foucault's theory of power relations with the literature study data search method. The results show that asymmetric power relations are formed and abused to carry out various acts of sexual violence that are controlled under various pretexts of the principle of obedience that must be carried out by a santri against his kiai, gus, or ustaz. In addition, various forms of religious norms, stereotypes, and stigmatization that exist also perpetuate the power of knowledge that is used as a tool for sexual harassment in Islamic boarding schools. For this reason, various efforts are needed to prevent acts of sexual violence, such as the existence of sexual education in the pesantren curriculum, the post for complaints of sexual violence, and the role of national and regional governments to oversee the case. In this case, the ratification of the TPKS Law can also provide fresh air to ensnare perpetrators of sexual violence in Islamic boarding schools.
Co-Authors Anna Zakiah Derajat