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MATING BEHAVIOR AND BREEDING OF THE BLUE TREE MONITOR, VARANUS MACRAEI IN AN IN-COUNTRY FACILITY IN INDONESIA: A PRELIMINARY NOTE Beny Rahmanto; Evy Arida; Abdi Fithria; Mochammad Arief Soendjoto
TREUBIA Vol 49, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/treubia.v49i1.4382

Abstract

The Blue tree monitor, Varanus macraei Böhme & Jacobs, 2001 is a tree monitor species favored by reptile keepers. Successful captive breeding was reported from hobbyists and zoos in Europe shortly after its scientific description. Meanwhile, commercial farming to supply international demands has been progressing in Indonesia. However, such successful ex-situ breeding efforts have not yet been documented or published in Indonesia thus far. Therefore, in this, study we describe for the first time the mating behavior and reproduction of a V. macraei couple in an in-country outdoor facility, which is a common husbandry practice for monitor lizard breeders in Indonesia. The male started to approach the female at the beginning of the dry season, in May, with the female showing defensive behavior towards the male, both before mating and after laying eggs, pointing to a seasonal reproductive behavior. Monitor lizards were observed being active during the daytime. Eggs were laid by mid-July 2020. Two of the six eggs laid were revealed to be fertile and hatched after about 23 weeks (5.6 months). The two hatchlings were reared in an indoor enclosure, but only one survived, which showed to be a male.
Remote Sensing-Based Assessment of How Much Tropical Wetland Fires Contribute to Carbon Emissions and How Fast the Carbon Recovering Is Abdi Fithria; Syamani Darmawi Ali; Arfa Agustina Rezekiah
Journal of Wetlands Environmental Management Vol 10, No 1 (2022): January-June, 2022
Publisher : Center for Journal Management and Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (678.296 KB) | DOI: 10.20527/jwem.v10i1.274

Abstract

This research had two objectives. The first objective was to quantity the carbon emissions from fires of various types of tropical wetland vegetation using Sentinel-2 imagery. The second objective was to measure how long the carbon stock will recover using Sentinel-2 imagery. Burned areas were extracted automatically using the Relativized Burn Ratio (RBR). Calculation of carbon emissions and carbon sequestrations were carried out by measuring the differences in Above Ground Biomass (AGB) before the fires, right after the fires, and a few months after the vegetation re-grows after the fires. Therefore, multitemporal Sentinel-2 MSI imageries from three different times are required. All imageries processing was carried out using the ESA SNAP software. The results showed that tropical wetland fires emited an average of 121.61 Mg C/ha, or equivalent to 445.9 Mg CO2/ha. Furthermore, tropical wetlands had an average rate of about 9.27 months to restore their carbon stocks to their pre-burnt state. Peatland forests took the longest time to recover to its original carbon stock state after burning, which was almost 22 years to recover.