Nurrani Mustika Dewi
Prodia Education and Research Institute, Jl. Kramat Raya No. 150, Jakarta, 10430

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The Importance of Metabolites in Modulating Insulin Sensitivity Anna Meiliana; Nurrani Mustika Dewi; Andi Wijaya
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 14, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v14i3.1872

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Metabolism impairment in obese condition usually initially triggered by inflammation and insulin signaling impairment. The involvement of metabolites, including lipids, amino acids, and ketone bodies, in altering insulin sensitivity has been revealed after massive data sets were provided by the studies regarding metabolomics and lipidomics.CONTENT: Metabolites were now understood to serve more than just the metabolism products, but also as active signaling molecules including in insulin and immunological actions. Different lipid metabolites can serve as signaling molecules to induce insulin resistance of sensitivity through a similar pathway, and impact on the inflammation status. Branched Chain Amino Acids (BCAA) and many amino acids have been correlated with mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin impairment. Ketogenic diet, supplementation and microbiota transplantation become the current strategies to set a preferable metabolites composition to modulate insulin sensitivity.SUMMARY: Thousands of metabolites can now be measured using technical and bioinformatics developments. Different types of amino acids, fatty acids, and bile acids are being studied in relation to altered metabolic states, particularly obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. A thorough knowledge of the metabolic changes that contribute to insulin resistance might lead to the discovery of new targets for enhancing insulin sensitivity and preventing and treating many metabolic disorders.KEYWORDS: metabolites, insulin resistance, lipids, amino acids, ketone bodies
Roles of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer: Development and Target Therapy Anna Meiliana; Nurrani Mustika Dewi; Andi Wijaya
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 17, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v17i1.3408

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane structures that enclose proteins, lipids, RNAs, metabolites, growth factors, and cytokines. EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can either stimulate or inhibit tumor growth in various malignancies through paracrine signaling. Tumor-associated MSCs (TA-MSCs), often described as "wounds that never heal," actively participate in the development, propagation, and metastasis of tumors, impacting the immunological state of the tumor microenvironment. For instance, TA-MSCs can alter immune cell recruitment and cytokine production, leading to a pro-tumorigenic environment. Consequently, both the tumor and its microenvironment undergo functional alterations, the cargo of exosomes is modified, and an abnormal tumor-associated MSC phenotype is acquired. MSC-EVs contain exosome microRNA with both tumor-inhibitory and tumor-supportive effects. For example, MSC-EVs have been shown to deliver tumor-suppressive microRNAs that inhibit cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. This review outlines the criteria for the modification, isolation, and characterization of exosomes, as well as their application in cancer, providing insights for clinical use. By understanding these mechanisms, we can better harness MSC-EVs for therapeutic purposes.Keywords: mesenchymal stem cell, extracellular vesicle, exosome, cancer therapy, drug delivery
Resveratrol: The Multifaceted Roles and Mechanisms of Polyphenol to Improve Longevity, Immunomodulation, and Age-related Diseases Anna Meiliana; Nurrani Mustika Dewi; Andi Wijaya
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 17, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v17i2.3486

Abstract

High in polyphenols diet has been known to protect human against chronic metabolic diseases including cancer, diabetes, neurological and cardiovascular disorders. Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenol that presents in fruits, vegetables, and nuts. The polyphenols content of RSV possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anticancer properties by influencing the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), p53, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) pathways, enzymatic antioxidants expressions, and the levels of microRNAs. Therefore, this review article will focus on the potential of RSV in improving aging and metabolic diseases, which mostly induced by low-chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. RSV is also known as calorie restriction (CR)-mimetics to activate sirtuins family which improve mitochondrial function, repair DNA and genomic stability and reduce inflammation thus become a promising substance to extend health span and longevity. RSV can be useful as a supplement to prevent aging-related diseases, with a dose range between 250–1,000 mg depending on the intended health benefit and individual factors. More clinical data is needed to determine the impact of RSV metabolites and the relationship between dose, concentration, and effect, particularly in the context of chronic illness.KEYWORDS: mesenchymal stem cell, extracellular vesicle, exosome, cancer therapy, drug delivery