Triswantoro Putro
Brawijaya University

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Long term temperature stability of thermal cycler developed using low profile microprocessor cooler Setyawan Purnomo Sakti; Adin Okta Triqadafi; Aldi Dwi Putra; Triswantoro Putro; Dewi Anggraeni
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 13, No 1: February 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v13i1.pp278-287

Abstract

Developing a low-cost thermal cycler for a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is becoming interested in the pandemic era caused by viruses. PCR is the standard gold for the diagnostic. However, in a low-income country, the availability of the device is limited. In this work, the development of a thermal cycler uses electronic modules available in the market. The central part is thermoelectric for heating and cooling, an embedded system to control, and a low-profile cooling fan. The system temperature control used a combination of feedforward, bang-bang, and proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control. The control parameter of the PID was successfully obtained by using Chien servo tuning. The feedforward and bang-bang control are used to optimize the cooling cycle and minimize the rise time. The system shows a well-suited temperature accuracy at the denaturation, annealing, and extension temperature with a temperature deviation of less than 0.5 °C. System performance is maintained even though the system has been running non-stop for 24 hours. The low-profile cooling fan, which is usually used for CPU cooling, shows good results in maintaining temperature stability.
Interdigitized capacitive humidity sensor using FR4 printed circuit board material without sensitive layer Setyawan Purnomo Sakti; Jessica Alfa Aini; Shania Rachmi; Elsa Hedya Kusumaningtyas; Irma Azizah; Triswantoro Putro; Dewi Anggraeni
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 24, No 3: June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v24i3.27525

Abstract

Humidity sensors are widely used across numerous applications, including agriculture, health, industry, environmental monitoring, and high-risk environments such as chip fabrication rooms. Interdigital capacitors (IDCs) are among several humidity-sensing designs that have been developed, and they are attractive due to simple fabrication and easy integration with electronic systems. We developed an IDC humidity sensor on a glass-epoxy substrate (FR4) using a standard commercial printed circuit board (PCB) production process. Without additional sensitive layer, the sensor production is simple. The sensor design was explored by varying electrode width. Calibration was performed in a self-constructed chamber over a relative humidity range from 15% to 90%. The IDC sensor was benchmarked against a standard humidity measurement instrument. The IDC capacitance showed a linear correlation with relative humidity, with a correlation coefficient of at least 0.98. With the finest track and spacing size of 0.254 mm achievable via commercial PCB manufacturing and a sensor footprint of 10×10 mm, the capacitance falls in the pF range, compatible with most available electronic devices. The sensitivity of the developed sensors is 2.361×10-4, 2.361×10-4, 2.361×10-4 picofarads for a track width of 0.254 mm, 0.3048 mm and 0.3556 mm respectively. These results indicate that mass production of IDC humidity sensors could be achieved at a low cost. The combination of small feature sizes and a compact sensor footprint support practical integration into existing electronic systems.