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Fiqhi Akbar Rafsanjani
Universitas Darussalam Gontor
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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The Historical Criticism and Causality in The Philosophy of History: Ibn Khaldun’s Perspective Muhammad Faqih Nidzom; Fiqhi Akbar Rafsanjani
TSAQAFAH Vol 18, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v18i2.8118

Abstract

This study will reveal how ibn Khaldun's philosophy of history, especially on his historical criticism and the concept of causality. This research is based on literature and qualitative research that uses a philosophical approach to explain the meaning of philosophy of history. This research presented Ibn Khaldun's criticism on historians' subjectivity in observing history. He believed that history progressed in the spiral pattern that moved repetitively, but the repetition continued towards progression. According to Ibn Khaldun, history is under the laws that control it, and the historical reality is a unity, not independent, and has a relationship with each other. To know the nature of civilization, all the needs to do is know the causes, principles, and elements contained in a civilization. There are four causes make the nature of civilization; ‘umrân as material cause, daulah as formal cause, ‘ashabiyah as efficient cause, and mashâlih ‘âmmah as final cause.
The Historical Criticism and Causality in The Philosophy of History: Ibn Khaldun’s Perspective Muhammad Faqih Nidzom; Fiqhi Akbar Rafsanjani
TSAQAFAH Vol. 18 No. 2 (2022): Tsaqafah Jurnal Peradaban Islam
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v18i2.8118

Abstract

This study will reveal how ibn Khaldun's philosophy of history, especially on his historical criticism and the concept of causality. This research is based on literature and qualitative research that uses a philosophical approach to explain the meaning of philosophy of history. This research presented Ibn Khaldun's criticism on historians' subjectivity in observing history. He believed that history progressed in the spiral pattern that moved repetitively, but the repetition continued towards progression. According to Ibn Khaldun, history is under the laws that control it, and the historical reality is a unity, not independent, and has a relationship with each other. To know the nature of civilization, all the needs to do is know the causes, principles, and elements contained in a civilization. There are four causes make the nature of civilization; ‘umrân as material cause, daulah as formal cause, ‘ashabiyah as efficient cause, and mashâlih ‘âmmah as final cause.
Co-Authors Muhammad Faqih Nidzom