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Thomas Eneji Ogar
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Standard Theories of Emotion and the Concept of Intentionality Thomas Eneji Ogar
Jurnal Ilmu Sosiologi Dialektika Kontemporer Volume 10, Nomor 1, January-June 2022
Publisher : dialektika kontemporer

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In traditional Western philosophy, it was widely accepted that emotions could be an obstacle to human rationality when it comes to attempting to gain objective knowledge and truth. One way of understanding emotions is that they may accidentally happen to us; they are a purely non-volitional form of a mental phenomenon. There is the question of whether the study of emotions needs to rely on scientific methods at all. Can emotions be investigated merely through conceptual analysis and introspection? Are emotions only accessed, felt, and even understood from the first-person perspective? If the answer is positive, it indicates that we should have to refute pieces of subpersonal empirical evidence regarding the neurophysiological activities of emotions. This paper concerns the philosophical debate on emotion. I argue that in the history of the philosophy of emotion, the competing theories place themselves either on "cognitive" or "bodily" grounds; both are responsible for the mind-body dichotomy and have their difficulties. The former is what I call the "Orthodox Feeling Theory," which cannot account for the structure of intentionality or the evaluative property of emotions; the latter is the "Strong Cognitive Theory," which ignores the role of the bodily and experiential aspects. Such standard theories are out of date.
Framework for Environmental Protection in Nigeria Thomas Eneji Ogar
Jurnal Ilmu Sosiologi Dialektika Kontemporer Volume 9, Nomor 1, January-June 2021
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The evolution of Nigeria's environmental legal system is examined in this article. Like many other developing countries, Nigeria has had difficulty finding a balance between the expansion of its economy and the protection of its natural resources. Serious environmental problems, including the contaminating of groundwater in Lagos, the largest megacity in the nation, and the degradation of the marine environment in the Niger Delta by crude oil, reflect this dualism. The country's preoccupation with economic growth may be seen in the slow establishment of legal safeguards for natural resources, which has led to a despicable disrespect for the environment. This article claims that little progress has been achieved despite a growing knowledge of the need to safeguard natural resources. The significant and continued pollution of essential natural resources highlights this little progress. According to the inquiry, the administration that built these facilities is also one of the main offenders of environmental standards and laws. This often causes a system failure atmosphere in which nothing works and the environment suffers. Enforcing environmental standards has benefits such as increased employment opportunities, environmental protection, and environmental sustainability. Outdated laws, expensive environmental standards, weak institutional capacity, poor governance, understaffing, inadequate funding, vested interests, overlapping or conflicting legislation, ignorance, and a lack of the rule of law are a few of the challenges to effective compliance with environmental regulations.