Danang Lelono
Department of Computer Science and Electronics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281,

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Modified Weighted Mean Filter to Improve the Baseline Reduction Approach for Emotion Recognition I Made Agus Wirawan; Retantyo Wardoyo; Danang Lelono; Sri Kusrohmaniah
Emerging Science Journal Vol 6, No 6 (2022): December
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-06-03

Abstract

Participants' emotional reactions are strongly influenced by several factors such as personality traits, intellectual abilities, and gender. Several studies have examined the baseline reduction approach for emotion recognition using electroencephalogram signal patterns containing external and internal interferences, which prevented it from representing participants’ neutral state. Therefore, this study proposes two solutions to overcome this problem. Firstly, it offers a modified weighted mean filter method to eliminate the interference of the electroencephalogram baseline signal. Secondly, it determines an appropriate baseline reduction method to characterize emotional reactions after the smoothing process. Data collected from four scenarios conducted on three datasets was used to reduce the interference and amplitude of the electroencephalogram signals. The result showed that the smoothing process can eliminate interference and lower the signal's amplitude. Based on the three baseline reduction methods, the Relative Difference method is appropriate for characterizing emotional reactions in different electroencephalogram signal patterns and has higher accuracy. Based on testing on the DEAP dataset, these proposed methods achieved accuracies of 97.14, 99.70, and 96.70% for the four categories of emotions, the two categories of arousal, and the two categories of valence, respectively. Furthermore, on the DREAMER dataset, these proposed methods achieved accuracies of 89.71, 97.63, and 96.58% for the four categories of emotions, the two categories of arousal, and the two categories of valence, respectively. Finally, on the AMIGOS dataset, these proposed methods achieved accuracies of 99.59, 98.20, and 99.96% for the four categories of emotions, the two categories of arousal, and the two categories of valence, respectively. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-06-03 Full Text: PDF
Continuous Capsule Network Method for Improving Electroencephalogram-Based Emotion Recognition I Made Agus Wirawan; Retantyo Wardoyo; Danang Lelono; Sri Kusrohmaniah
Emerging Science Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2023): February
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-01-09

Abstract

The convolution process in the Capsule Network method can result in a loss of spatial data from the Electroencephalogram signal, despite its ability to characterize spatial information from Electroencephalogram signals. Therefore, this study applied the Continuous Capsule Network method to overcome problems associated with emotion recognition based on Electroencephalogram signals using the optimal architecture of the (1) 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Continuous Convolution layers with values of 64, 128, 256, and 64, respectively, and (2) kernel sizes of 2×2×4, 2×2×64, and 2×2×128 for the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Continuous Convolution layers, and 1×1×256 for the 4th. Several methods were also used to support the Continuous Capsule Network process, such as the Differential Entropy and 3D Cube methods for the feature extraction and representation processes. These methods were chosen based on their ability to characterize spatial and low-frequency information from Electroencephalogram signals. By testing the DEAP dataset, these proposed methods achieved accuracies of 91.35, 93.67, and 92.82% for the four categories of emotions, two categories of arousal, and valence, respectively. Furthermore, on the DREAMER dataset, these proposed methods achieved accuracies of 94.23, 96.66, and 96.05% for the four categories of emotions, the two categories of arousal, and valence, respectively. Finally, on the AMIGOS dataset, these proposed methods achieved accuracies of 96.20, 97.96, and 97.32% for the four categories of emotions, the two categories of arousal, and valence, respectively. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-01-09 Full Text: PDF