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All Journal Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business Journal of Regional and City Planning Indonesian Treasury Review: Jurnal Perbendaharaan, Keuangan Negara dan Kebijakan Publik Jurnal Perencanaan Pembangunan Bappenas Working Papers Jurnal Multidisiplin West Science
Tengku Munawar Chalil, Tengku Munawar
Institut Teknologi Bandung
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Energy Environmental Science Social Sciences Transportation

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Depolarization in Delivering Public Services? Impacts of Minimum Service Standards (MSS) on the Quality of Health Services in Indonesia Roudo, Mohammad; Chalil, Tengku Munawar
Jurnal Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota Vol 27, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : The ITB Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (294.532 KB) | DOI: 10.5614/jrcp.2016.27.1.1

Abstract

Abstract. Some scholars argue that decentralization policy tends to create polarization, i.e. an increase of inequality/disparity among districts. To deal with this problem, Minimum Service Standards (MSS) were introduced as a key strategy in decentralizing Indonesia. In this research, we tried to find out through MSS performance measurements whether imposing standards can be effective in a decentralized system by seeking its impacts on polarization/depolarization in the delivery of public services, specifically in the health sector. This question is basically a response to the common criticism that decentralization is good to create equality between central government and local governments but often does not work to achieve equality among local governments. Using self-assessment data from a sample of 54 districts from 534 districts in Indonesia, from 2010 to 2013, we found that the existence of depolarization in the delivery of public services could potentially occur among regions by reducing the gap between their public service performance and the targets of MSS. We acknowledge that there are weaknesses in the validity of the self-assessment data, caused by a lack of knowledge and skills to execute the self-assessment according to the official guidelines, by the overrating of target achievements, as well as the lack of data from independent sources to confirm the self-assessment outcomes. We also acknowledge that differences in financial capacity are still the main determinant why one district is more successful in achieving the MSS targets compared to other districts. Keywords. Decentralization, Public Service, Minimum Standard Service
Pemodelan Dampak Pembangunan Jembatan Batam-Bintan Terhadap Dinamika Kependudukan, Ekonomi, Dan Guna Lahan Batam dan Bintan Chalil, Tengku Munawar
Journal of Regional and City Planning Vol 23, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Center for Research and Community Services ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (243.42 KB)

Abstract

Kota Batam dan Kabupaten Bintan merupakan wilayah perdagangan dan kepelabuhanan bebas yang dipersiapkan menjadi pusat pertumbuhan ekonomi utama Kepulauan Riau. Kota Batam terus berkembang dengan pesat namun keterbatasan lahan dan kurangnya akses ke wilayah hinterland menjadi masalah dalam perkembangannya. Oleh karena itu untuk menjawab masalah tersebut, direncanakan pembangunan jembatan Batam-Bintan dengan tujuan pemerataan pembangunan antara wilayah Kota Batam dan Kabupaten Bintan. Ada dua skenario untuk melihat dampak jembatan Batam-Bintan. Pada skenario pertama, Kota Batam berkembang dengan pesat namun pada akhir simulasi pertumbuhannya melambat dikarenakan keterbatasan lahan menyebabkan daya dukung lahan Kota Batam menurun. Sementara Kabupaten Bintan berkembang dengan pelan hingga 25 tahun kemudian pertumbuhannya belum mampu setara dengan Kota Batam saat ini. Pada skenario kedua, perilaku model dinamis Batam dan Bintan dengan pembangunan jembatan Batam-Bintan memperlihatkan dampak jembatan Batam-Bintan, ada tiga efek yaitu multiplier effect, spin-off effect dan spill-over effect. Masing-masing efek memberikan dampak positif pada Kota Batam dan Kabupaten Bintan. Pada skenario ini Kota Batam masih dapat berkembang dan laju pertumbuhan Kabupaten Bintan meningkat 2-3 kali lipat dibandingkan tanpa pembangunan jembatan Batam-Bintan.Kata kunci: kependudukan, ekonomi, guna lahan Batam city and Bintan regency is a free trade area and port prepared to become a major economic growth center of Riau Islands. Batam city continues to grow rapidly, but limited space and lack of access to the hinterland became development problem. Therefore, to address the issue Batam-Bintan bridges development planned with the goal of equitable development between Batam city and Bintan regency. There are two scenarios to see the impact of Batam-Bintan bridges. First scenario, Batam city is growing rapidly but growth slowed at the end of the simulation due to limited land causing Batam city carrying capacity decreases. While Bintan regency develops slowly up to 25 years then its growth has not been able to equal the current Batam. Second scenario, the behavior of dynamic models of Batam and Bintan with the development of Batam-Bintan bridges showing the impact of Batam-Bintan bridges, there are three effects, multiplier effect, spin-off effect and spill-over effect. Each of these effects has a positive impact on the city of Batam and Bintan regency. In this scenario, the City of Batam can still developing and Bintan regency growth rate increased 2-3 times compared without development of Batam-Bintan bridges.Keywords: population, economy, land use
Depolarization in Delivering Public Services? Impacts of Minimum Service Standards (MSS) on the Quality of Health Services in Indonesia Mohammad Roudo; Tengku Munawar Chalil
Journal of Regional and City Planning Vol. 27 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : The Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jrcp.2016.27.1.1

Abstract

Abstract. Some scholars argue that decentralization policy tends to create polarization, i.e. an increase of inequality/disparity among districts. To deal with this problem, Minimum Service Standards (MSS) were introduced as a key strategy in decentralizing Indonesia. In this research, we tried to find out through MSS performance measurements whether imposing standards can be effective in a decentralized system by seeking its impacts on polarization/depolarization in the delivery of public services, specifically in the health sector. This question is basically a response to the common criticism that decentralization is good to create equality between central government and local governments but often does not work to achieve equality among local governments. Using self-assessment data from a sample of 54 districts from 534 districts in Indonesia, from 2010 to 2013, we found that the existence of depolarization in the delivery of public services could potentially occur among regions by reducing the gap between their public service performance and the targets of MSS. We acknowledge that there are weaknesses in the validity of the self-assessment data, caused by a lack of knowledge and skills to execute the self-assessment according to the official guidelines, by the overrating of target achievements, as well as the lack of data from independent sources to confirm the self-assessment outcomes. We also acknowledge that differences in financial capacity are still the main determinant why one district is more successful in achieving the MSS targets compared to other districts. Keywords. Decentralization, Public Service, Minimum Standard Service
Pemodelan Dampak Pembangunan Jembatan Batam-Bintan Terhadap Dinamika Kependudukan, Ekonomi, Dan Guna Lahan Batam dan Bintan Tengku Munawar Chalil
Journal of Regional and City Planning Vol. 23 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : The Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jpwk.2012.23.3.5

Abstract

Kota Batam dan Kabupaten Bintan merupakan wilayah perdagangan dan kepelabuhanan bebas yang dipersiapkan menjadi pusat pertumbuhan ekonomi utama Kepulauan Riau. Kota Batam terus berkembang dengan pesat namun keterbatasan lahan dan kurangnya akses ke wilayah hinterland menjadi masalah dalam perkembangannya. Oleh karena itu untuk menjawab masalah tersebut, direncanakan pembangunan jembatan Batam-Bintan dengan tujuan pemerataan pembangunan antara wilayah Kota Batam dan Kabupaten Bintan. Ada dua skenario untuk melihat dampak jembatan Batam-Bintan. Pada skenario pertama, Kota Batam berkembang dengan pesat namun pada akhir simulasi pertumbuhannya melambat dikarenakan keterbatasan lahan menyebabkan daya dukung lahan Kota Batam menurun. Sementara Kabupaten Bintan berkembang dengan pelan hingga 25 tahun kemudian pertumbuhannya belum mampu setara dengan Kota Batam saat ini. Pada skenario kedua, perilaku model dinamis Batam dan Bintan dengan pembangunan jembatan Batam-Bintan memperlihatkan dampak jembatan Batam-Bintan, ada tiga efek yaitu multiplier effect, spin-off effect dan spill-over effect. Masing-masing efek memberikan dampak positif pada Kota Batam dan Kabupaten Bintan. Pada skenario ini Kota Batam masih dapat berkembang dan laju pertumbuhan Kabupaten Bintan meningkat 2-3 kali lipat dibandingkan tanpa pembangunan jembatan Batam-Bintan.Kata kunci: kependudukan, ekonomi, guna lahan Batam city and Bintan regency is a free trade area and port prepared to become a major economic growth center of Riau Islands. Batam city continues to grow rapidly, but limited space and lack of access to the hinterland became development problem. Therefore, to address the issue Batam-Bintan bridges development planned with the goal of equitable development between Batam city and Bintan regency. There are two scenarios to see the impact of Batam-Bintan bridges. First scenario, Batam city is growing rapidly but growth slowed at the end of the simulation due to limited land causing Batam city carrying capacity decreases. While Bintan regency develops slowly up to 25 years then its growth has not been able to equal the current Batam. Second scenario, the behavior of dynamic models of Batam and Bintan with the development of Batam-Bintan bridges showing the impact of Batam-Bintan bridges, there are three effects, multiplier effect, spin-off effect and spill-over effect. Each of these effects has a positive impact on the city of Batam and Bintan regency. In this scenario, the City of Batam can still developing and Bintan regency growth rate increased 2-3 times compared without development of Batam-Bintan bridges.Keywords: population, economy, land use
THE EFFICIENCY OF VILLAGE GOVERNMENT SPENDING IN INDONESIA: A META-FRONTIER ANALYSIS Tengku Munawar Chalil
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business (JIEB) Vol 35, No 1 (2020): January
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jieb.44660

Abstract

Introduction: This study aims to measure the efficiency of village government spending and examine the effects of village transfers (Dana Desa) and institutional properties on its efficiency. Background Problems: The village law has endowed extra grants to village governments, which questions if the villages are prepared to adequately handle large increases in funding. Novelty: While previous studies address the misappropriation in spending within the municipal dimension, this study explores the spending efficiency of the autonomous sub-municipal governments and explains the impacts of both lump-sum grants and bureaucracy factors on spending efficiency. Research Methods: This study analyzes the Indonesian 2014 Village Governments’ dataset, using the meta-cost frontier in order to measure village spending efficiency, then it probes the causal impacts of endowed fiscal transfers and bureaucratic factors on the obtained efficiency. Findings/Results: The results suggest that granting direct transfers would exacerbate the spending inefficiencies of autonomous villages. Administrative factors such as a large bureaucracy and a lack of bureaucratic capacity within the body of village governments positively affect spending inefficiencies. Conclusion: The result of this research reflects that there is a need to evaluate the village governance policy to increase spending efficiencies, specifically focusing on the adequacy of village institutions to handle village transfers.
The Size of Flypaper Effect in Decentralizing Indonesia Tengku Munawar Chalil
Jurnal Perencanaan Pembangunan: The Indonesian Journal of Development Planning Vol. 2 No. 2 (2018): September 2018
Publisher : Ministry of National Development Planning Republic of Indonesia/Bappenas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1182.325 KB) | DOI: 10.36574/jpp.v2i2.37

Abstract

This study explores the flypaper effect in Indonesia using a spatial approach. Covering data from 2000-2014, the paper shows that grants stimulate overspending by local governments even though spatial interdependence is carefully treated. The elasticity of lump-sum grants to expenditure is stronger than the elasticity of matching grants. Further, the elasticity of lump-sum grant is greater on routine expenditure, which shows the overdependency of local governments to lump-sum grant. The over - dependency phenomenon has not changed a lot even after a major change of lump-sum grant formulation being applied by the 2004 decentralization law package.
Formula-Based Approach in Allocation of Specific Allocation Grants for Infrastructure (DAK Fisik): Case of Education Provision Tengku Munawar Chalil; Mohammad Roudo
Jurnal Perencanaan Pembangunan: The Indonesian Journal of Development Planning Vol. 4 No. 3 (2020): September 2020
Publisher : Ministry of National Development Planning Republic of Indonesia/Bappenas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36574/jpp.v4i3.130

Abstract

The paper presents the top-down (formula-based) approach in allocation of specific purpose grants for infrastructure (DAK fisik) in education by considering the needs of infrastructure in education. First, we estimate the needs of education infrastructure by calculating the gap between current condition of infrastructures and the minimum required infrastructures in education. Then, we translate the needs into necessary costs for education per region. After that, we simulate the financial scenario for the necessary costs using specific allocation grants in hierarchical, temporal and regional dimension. We also consider the local fiscal capacity and indicators on achievement of local governments in education for the distribution on DAK Fisik for FY2021 and onwards. Finally, we provide potential implication of formula-based approach as a top-down planning and budgeting for DAK Fisik.
Strategi Pengembangan Kawasan Metropolitan REBANA Menggunakan Interpretative Structural Modelling (Studi Kasus: Kabupaten Cirebon, Kabupaten Majalengka dan Kota Cirebon) Eko Fajar Setiawan; Tengku Munawar Chalil
Jurnal Multidisiplin West Science Vol 2 No 07 (2023): Jurnal Multidisiplin West Science
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/jmws.v2i07.512

Abstract

Pengembangan kawasan Metropolitan REBANA (Cirebon- Patimban dan Subang) melibatkan berbagai aktor kepentingan dari kab/kota, propinsi dan pemerintah pusat. Masifnya keterlibatan lembaga, seringkali membawa kepentingan sektoral sehingga keterpaduan pembangunan sulit tercapai. Untuk menghadirkan keterpaduan fungsi/ peran kewenangan dari masing-masing kelembagaan, penelitian ini akan mengkaji komponen-komponen indikator pembangunan yang berpengaruh terhadap pengembangan kawasan Metropolitan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan masukan pakar/ ahli pembangunan/ praktisi (expert judgemental) yang diolah menjadi komponen indikator pembangunan kawasan dan pengambilan kuesioner tertutup kepada aktor/ kelembagaan terlibat. Analisis kuantitatif menggunakan simulasi aktor Interpretative Structural Modelling (ISM) untuk mengidentifikasi aktor kunci pengembangan kawasan, dan pemeringkatan aktor/ kelembagaan kawasan. Harapannya, menghadirkan bentuk-bentuk strategi pengembangan kawasan dengan lokasi fokus di wilayah (Kabupaten/ Kota) sekitar kawasan Penyangga (khususnya Kabupaten Cirebon, Kabupaten Majalengka dan Kota Cirebon).
Pengaruh Penggunaan Teknologi Internet Terhadap Pendapatan Pekerja Sektor Informal Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Di Indonesia Sukmawardhana, Rendra; Munawar, Tengku Chalil; Bhayangkara, Rinaldi
Bappenas Working Papers Vol 6 No 3 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Kementerian Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional (Bappenas)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47266/bwp.v6i3.225

Abstract

Pekerja sektor informal merupakan bagian dari pelaku usaha mikro yang menyerap angkatan kerja terbesar sebanyak 97 persen. Pandemi Covid-19 memberikan dampak yang sangat terasa bagi perekonomian, jumlah pekerja informal bertambah 5 persen menjadi 60,88 persen, tingkat pengangguran terbuka (TPT) menduduki titik tertinggi selama 10 tahun ke belakang yaitu mencapai 7,07 persen, semua ini merupakan efek domino dari Covid-19. Sebagian pelaku usaha atau pekerja informal menggunakan internet untuk melakukan promosi agar dapat bertahan atau meningkatkan pendapatan dalam kondisi krisis. Pada era digitalisasi ini penetrasi teknologi internet sudah banyak menjangkau berbagai daerah, pengguna internet di Indonesia mencapai 73,7 persen dari total penduduk, sehingga mendorong kewajiban pemerintah untuk memberikan pemahaman masyarakatnya untuk dapat mengadopsi teknologi internet agar bisa meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat kecil. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi pengaruh penggunaan internet terhadap kenaikan pendapatan pekerja sektor informal di Indonesia dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan merupakan pooled cross section yang bersumber dari hasil Survei Angkatan Kerja Nasional (Sakernas) 2020-2021 yang dilakukan oleh BPS. Metode pengolahan data menggunakan Heckman Selection Model untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh internet terhadap pendapatan pekerja informal dan menggunakan Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition untuk mengetahui seberapa besar ketimpangan pendapatan pekerja informal tersebut. Hasil yang didapatkan penggunaan internet mempengaruhi pendapatan pekerja informal secara signifikan. Ketimpangan pendapatan antar gender tidak terlalu signifikan hanya sebesar 0,4 persen poin lebih besar laki-laki dibandingkan perempuan.
The Impact of Asymmetric Decentralization on Public Health: A Synthetic Control Analysis of Special Autonomy in Aceh and Papua Chalil, Tengku Munawar
Indonesian Treasury Review: Jurnal Perbendaharaan, Keuangan Negara dan Kebijakan Publik Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): Indonesian Treasury Review: Jurnal Perbendaharaan, Keuangan Negara dan Kebijak
Publisher : Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan, Kementerian Keuangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33105/itrev.v10i2.917

Abstract

Research Originality — This study introduces a novel methodological framework utilizing the synthetic control method to assess the causal impact of Indonesia’s special autonomy policies in Aceh and Papua on health outcomes, explicitly accounting for unobserved confounders (e.g., economic and social trends) that earlier before‑after comparisons overlooked. Research Objectives — The paper aims to quantify the impact of Aceh’s and Papua’s special autonomy status on key health indicators—immunization coverage, birth attendance by health workers, and morbidity rates—by comparing each province to its constructed synthetic counterpart. The policy impacts were observed by comparing the changes with synthetical Aceh and Papua, which do not receive any special autonomy intervention. Research Methods — The study employs the synthetic control method by constructing weighted composites of non‑autonomous provinces as counterfactuals, estimating differences in health outcomes in Aceh and Papua before and after the introduction of special autonomy. Empirical Results — For Aceh, the performance of the morbidity rate is no better than that of its comparable synthetic control. Moreover, Aceh performs better than its synthetic control for the health provision indicators, specifically birth attendances by health workers and immunization coverage. For Papua, the performance of health outcomes such as morbidity rates, birth attendance by health workers, and immunization coverage is worse than that of its comparable synthetic peers. Implications — The result implication should support the continuity of asymmetric decentralization for Aceh and Papua, together with the sustainability of special autonomy grants for Aceh and Papua, as the government takes the momentum of revision for special autonomy law for Aceh and Papua.
Co-Authors Bhayangkara, Rinaldi Eko Fajar Setiawan Mohammad Roudo Mohammad Roudo Mohammad Roudo, Mohammad Sukmawardhana, Rendra