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Forensic Findings in Exhumation Cases in North Sulawesi in 2019-2020 Aurelie B. Kasenda; Erwin G. Kristanto; Nola T. S. Mallo
e-CliniC Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022): e-CliniC
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/ecl.v10i1.37368

Abstract: Exhumation is a procedure of removing a corpse carried out for medicolegal investi-gations, relocation, or other purposes. This study aimed to determine the overview of forensic findings in exhumation cases in North Sulawesi during the years 2019-2021. This was a descriptive and retrospective study using data of Visum et Repertum. The results obtained five cases of exhumation during the period of January 2019-August 2021. In year 2019 there was the most frequent exhumation performed, namely three cases (60%). Based on sex, three (60%) corpses were female. In 80% of the cases, the cause of death could still be determined, while in 20% of cases could not be determined anymore. Age was dominated by the adult age group, namely 26-45 year olds. The pattern of the wounds found were blisters, bruises, and lacerations with the same number and the most common location was in the head area. In conclusion, most of the forensic findings in exhumation cases in North Sulawesi registered at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado year 2019-2021 could reveal the most common cause of death, namely blunt force trauma with bruises, abrasions, as well as lacerations, and head as the most common site of injury.Keywords: exhumation; forensic findingsÂ Abstrak: Ekshumasi merupakan prosedur penggalian jenazah yang dilakukan untuk kepentingan investigasi medikolegal, relokasi, ataupun tujuan lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran temuan forensik pada kasus ekshumasi di Sulawesi Utara tahun 2019-2021. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan menggunakan Visum et Repertum. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan lima kasus ekshumasi selama periode Januari 2019-Agustus 2021. Tahun 2019 merupakan tahun dengan kasus ekshumasi terbanyak yaitu sebanyak tiga kasus (60%). Jenis kelamin paling banyak ialah jenazah perempuan dengan jumlah tiga kasus (60%). Pada 80% kasus ekshumasi dapat ditentukan sebab kematiannya, sedangkan pada 20% tidak dapat ditentukan lagi. Usia didominasi oleh kelompok usia dewasa yaitu 26-45 tahun. Pola luka yang ditemukan ialah luka lecet, luka memar, dan luka robek dengan jumlah yang sama serta lokasi terbanyak ditemukan ialah pada daerah kepala. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah sebagian besar temuan forensik pada kasus ekshumasi di Sulawesi Utara yang tercatat di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou tahun 2019-2021 dapat mengungkapkan sebab kematian, yang terbanyak yaitu kekerasan tumpul dengan jumlah luka memar, lecet, dan robek yang sama serta lokasi cedera tersering pada kepala.Kata kunci: ekshumasi; temuan forensik

Domestic Violence in COVID-19 Pandemic Era from January to September 2021 in Manado Phoebe C. A. Pangalila; James F. Siwu; Nola T. S. Mallo
e-CliniC Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022): e-CliniC
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/ecl.v10i1.37372

Abstract: Domestic violence has been reported globally in various countries, including Indonesia. The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified this issue, regardless the decrease shown in the number of cases reported. This study aimed to obtain the incidence rate of domestic violence, its influencing factors, and forms of domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic in Manado from January to September 2021. This was a retrospective and descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Secondary data were domestic violence cases reported in Manado Women Empowerment and Child Protection Service. The results showed 11 reported cases. Mapanget and Wanea were districts that received the most reports. Victims were dominated by females who were wives, children, or niece of the perpetrators, aged under 18 years old, mostly under 5 years old. Household neglect was the most form of domestic violence. In conclusion, domestic violence cases reported in Manado from January to September 2021 were dominated by female victims and children of the perpetrators. The COVID-19 pandemic and patriarchal culture were suspected as indirect triggers in terms of household neglect as the most common form of domestic violence.Keywords: COVID-19 pandemics; domestic violenceÂ Abstrak: Kekerasan domestik (KDRT) telah dilaporkan secara global di beragam negara, termasuk Indonesia. Pandemi Covid-19 turut memperhebat kasus ini walaupun jumlah laporan kasus justru menurun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran angka kejadian KDRT, faktor yang memengaruhinya, serta bentuk KDRT di Kota Manado pada saat pandemi Covid-19 periode Januariâ€“September 2021. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang menggunakan data sekunder, yakni laporan kasus KDRT yang dikumpulkan dari Dinas Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak Kota Manado. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 11 kasus terlapor, dengan Mapanget dan Wanea sebagai kecamatan yang menerima laporan terbanyak. Korban didominasi oleh perempuan yang merupakan istri, anak, serta keponakan pelaku yang berusia di bawah 18 tahun, terbanyak ialah anak berusia kurang dari 5 tahun. Bentuk kekerasan terbanyak dialami ialah penelantaran rumah tangga. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah kasus KDRT terlapor di Kota Manado pada Januari-September 2021 didominasi oleh korban berstatus anak pelaku berusia kurang dari 5 tahun dan berjenis kelamin perempuan.Â Pandemi Covid-19 dan budaya patriarki disinyalir menjadi pemicu tidak langsung dilihat dari penelantaran rumah tangga sebagai bentuk KDRT terbanyak.Kata kunci: pandemi Covid-19; kekerasan dalam rumah tangga

Gambaran Kasus Kematian akibat Keracunan Karbon Monoksida Muhamad R. Jehian; James F. Siwu; Nola T. S. Mallo
Medical Scope Journal Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.v5i1.45290

Abstract: Carbon monoxide (CO) is a toxic, odorless and colorless gas produced by incomplete combustion of carbon fuels such as wood, charcoal, and also gasoline products. Sources of carbon monoxide in the home environment include heating systems, cooking utensils, and fireplaces. Many of domestic and occupational poisoning cases were caused by exposure to carbon monoxide due to damaged or defective home appliances. This study aimed to obtain the description of death cases due to CO poisoning. This was a literature review study using three databases namely ClinicalKey, Pubmed, and Google Scholar. The results obtained 11 articles to be reviewed. Postmortem changes were CoHB in the blood, non-specific changes such as cherry red patches or bruises in the skin surface, nails, brain, internal organs and mucous membranes, and changes in the lung namely hypoxia, sub-pleural petechiae, lung edema, and lung stasis. In conclusion, specific postmortem change in CO poisoning is CoHb in the victim blood, meanwhile the non-specific changes are cherry red appearances in the skin and internal organs. Keywords: carbon monoxide poisoning; COHb; death cases; postmortem changes Abstrak: Karbon monoksida (CO) adalah gas beracun, tidak berbau, dan tidak berwarna yang dihasilkan melalui pembakaran tidak sempurna bahan bakar karbon seperti kayu, arang, dan juga produk bensin. Sumber-sumber karbon monoksida di lingkungan rumah meliputi sistem pemanas ruangan, alat masak, serta perapian. Banyak kasus keracunan domestik dan pekerjaan diakibatkan paparan karbon monoksida karena alat-alat rumah tersebut yang mengalami kerusakan atau cacat produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kasus kematian akibat keracunan CO. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah literature review dengan pencarian melalui tiga database yaitu ClinicalKey, Pubmed, dan Google Scholar. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 11 artikel untuk dilakukan analisis. Gambaran postmortem yang dapat muncul ialah kadar CoHB pada kandungan darah korban, dan gambaran nonspesifik berupa bercak atau lebam berwarna merah terang (cherry red) pada permukaan kulit, kuku, otak, organ dalam, dan membran mukus dari korban, serta hipoksia pada paru, petekia sub-pleural, edema paru, dan stasis paru. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah gambaran postmortem spesifik pada keracunan karbonmonoksida meliputi kadar CoHB pada kandungan darah korban sedangkan tanda fisik non spesifik berupa gambaran cherry red pada permukaan kulit dan organ dalam. Kata kunci: keracunan karbon monoksida; COHb; kasus kematian; perubahan postmortem

Gambaran Kasus Forensik Klinik di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Tahun 2022 Pratiwi Hardani; Erwin Kristanto; Nola T. S. Mallo
Medical Scope Journal Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.v6i1.48980

Abstract: To date, there is lack of available data regarding clinical forensic services in Indonesia, including North Sulawesi. Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital in Manado, a referral center in North Sulawesi, was chosen as the research location expecting to obtain the description of clinical forensic cases in North Sulawesi. This study aimed to obtain a description of clinical forensic cases in North Sulawesi in 2022. This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. The resukts showed that the cumulative number of clinical forensic cases at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital in 2022 was 250 cases, consisting of 155 cases of traffic accidents, 59 cases of abuse, and one case of sexual violence. Victims consisted of 79% male sand 21% females. Most clinical forensic cases came to Prof. Dr. R. D Kandou Hospital in December (15%) and the least in April (3%). Most of the wound locations were found in the abdominal area (65%), followed in the back area (34%), and the least in the vaginal area (1%). In conclusion, traffic accidents were the most common clinical forensic cases in North Sulawesi. Most injuries were found in the abdominal area and the least in the genital area. Most of the victims were male. December 2022 donated the most clinical forensic cases. Only a few cases of sexual violence were brought to Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, therefore, the victims still need to be outreached and encouraged to report. Keywords: sexual violence; assault; traffic accidents; clinical forensic cases Abstrak: Hingga saat ini masih belum banyak data yang tersedia mengenai kasus pelayanan forensik klinik baik di Indonesia maupun Sulawesi Utara. RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D Kandou Manado sebagai pusat rujukan di Sulawesi Utara dipilih menjadi lokasi penelitian karena diharapkan dapat menggambarkan kasus forensik klinik di Sulawesi Utara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran kasus forensik klinik di Sulawesi Utara pada tahun 2022. Jensi penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan angka kumulatif kasus forensik klinik di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou sepanjang tahun 2022 sebanyak 250 kasus, terdiri atas 155 kasus kecelakaan lalu lintas, 59 kasus penganiayaan, dan satu kasus kekerasan seksual. Korban terdiri atas 79% berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan 21 % perempuan. Kasus forensik klinik tertinggi pada bulan Desember (15%) dan paling sedikit pada bulan April (3%). Lokasi luka terbanyak ditemukan pada area abdomen (65%), disusul daerah punggung belakang (34%), dan paling sedikit daerah vagina (1%). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah kasus forensik klinik terbanyak di Sulawesi Utara terjadi pada jenis kelamin laki laki, jenis kasus kecelakaan lalu lintas, dan lokasi luka di bagian abdomen. Bulan Desember menyumbangkan kasus forensik klinik terbanyak. Kasus kekerasan seksual masih sedikit yang dibawa ke RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou sehingga masih memerlukan sosialisasi dan dorongan agar korban berani melapor. Kata kunci: kekerasan seksual; penganiayaan; kecelakaan lalu lintas; kasus forensik klinik

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