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All Journal Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Hasanuddin Journal of Strategic and International Studies
Patrice Lumumba
Department of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Hasanuddin University
Environmental Science Social Sciences

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Indonesia’s Presidency On G20 2022: Unpacking Its Digital Economic Diplomacy In Advancing Indonesian MSMES Digital Economic Transformation Abdul Razaq Cangara; Bama Andika Putra; Patrice Lumumba; Chantika Salsabila Alarsah; Andi Faradilla Ayu Lestari
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 5, No 2 (2022): Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik UPN"Veteran"Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v5i2.5116

Abstract

After a long period of membership in the Premier global forum of G20, Indonesia has taken the lead in the G20 Presidency 2022. With a theme of "Recover Together, Recover Stronger" to encounter the multi-spectrum repercussion of the Covid-19 Pandemic, Indonesia set out three main agendas of deliberation within, encompassing Global Health Architecture (GHA), Digital Economic Transformation (DET) and Energy Transition (ET). This article considers and puts forward the DET agenda, particularly the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) DET, as the main discussion in this article. It assumes DET agenda that could significantly encounter the problem of economic downturn with its following consequences of losses of many jobs and rising unemployment. Therefore, this article scrutinizes how Indonesia's G20 Presidency could elevate its economic diplomacy capacity to achieve its MSMEs' DET interests. For this purpose, this article employs the analytical framework tailored from the integrated perspective of economic diplomacy, digital economy, and digital economic transformation. This article argues that Indonesia's G20 Presidency has advantaged Indonesia by giving more policy and diplomatic room to campaign and mainstream its MSMEs DET interests to multiple stakeholders from all G20 countries. It consequently crystallizes MSMEs DET as both a normative and practical agenda globally in which Indonesia could further entertain its MSMEs DET interest. In such ways, it is expected that Indonesia could recover its economy after the pandemic, particularly with the advancement of its MSME economic environment. This argument is based on the mapping of the G20 events dynamic substantiating MSMEs DET from December to October 2022. Overall, despite Indonesia's MSMEs DET interest achievement in G20 2022, Indonesia still needs to strengthen its economic diplomacy endeavour related to MSMEs DET in the following G20s forums.
Analysis of British and German Foreign Policy in the Russian-Ukrainian Conflict 2023-2024 Laode Muhamad Fathun; Alfiyah Nur Rahmalia; Audrey Chairunnisa; Patrice Lumumba
Hasanuddin Journal of Strategic and International Studies (HJSIS) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/hjsis.v4i2.51183

Abstract

Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, reshaped European security and prompted divergent responses among Western powers. This study examines the foreign policy responses of the United Kingdom and Germany to the Russia-Ukraine conflict during 2023-2024, asking: what factors account for the differences in their approaches despite a shared commitment to supporting Ukraine? Employing Poliheuristic Theory and Rational Choice Theory, the study analyses how decision-makers in both countries evaluated policy alternatives across political, economic, security, and international dimensions. The findings reveal stark contrasts in decision-making processes and outcomes. The UK adopted a proactive, assertive stance, rapidly delivering military assistance, implementing broad economic sanctions, and maintaining consistent political support for Ukraine. British policy was driven by NATO alignment, post-Brexit strategic repositioning, and domestic political incentives favouring decisive action. Germany, by contrast, followed a cautious and incremental path, constrained by deep energy dependence on Russia, longstanding economic ties, and a diplomatic foreign policy culture. While Chancellor Scholz's Zeitenwende declaration signalled a historic shift in German defence policy, implementation was slowed by domestic political divisions and competing strategic priorities. The poliheuristic analysis shows that both states employed non-compensatory elimination strategies, rejecting options threatening core national interests, before optimising remaining alternatives based on strategic benefit and domestic political costs. The study concludes that foreign policy responses to security crises are fundamentally shaped by historical context, structural dependencies, domestic politics, and leadership style. While both nations ultimately supported Ukraine, their pathways differed significantly. These findings underscore that analysing decision-making processes, not merely outcomes, is essential for understanding how democratic states navigate shared security threats under competing constraints.
Co-Authors Abdul Razaq Cangara Alfiyah Nur Rahmalia Andi Faradilla Ayu Lestari Audrey Chairunnisa Bama Andika Putra Chantika Salsabila Alarsah Laode Muhamad Fathun