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All Journal Lex Publica Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences
Ahmad Redi
Universitas Borobudur, Jakarta, Indonesia
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Independensi dan Akuntabilitas Ombudsman Republik Indonesia dengan Instrumen Westminster Foundation for Democracy (WFD) Ahmad Redi; Mohammad Ryan Bakry
Lex Publica Vol. 5 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : APPTHI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (467.082 KB) | DOI: 10.58829/lp.5.2.2018.52-66

Abstract

Tulisan ini membahas mengenai bagaimana independensi dan akuntabilitas Ombudsman Republik Indonesia (ORI) dalam menjalankan tugasnya terhadap potensi intervensi dari Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR). Metode yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan kualitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data studi kepustakaan, dan teknik analisis data melalui teknik deskriptif analitis kualitatif. Berdasarkan penilaian melalui Instrument Institutional design and governance, Actual autonomy in exercising its mandate dari Westminster Foundation For Democracy (WFD) terdapat beberapa penilaian independensi dan akuntabilitas yang rendah, yaitu pada: (1) sufficiency of financial resources for performing its functions; (2) extent of autonomy to generate its own financial revenues; (3) security and stability of budget during past three years; dan (4) stability of staff and extent of staff turn-over. Ke depan ORI harus memperbaiki beberapa skor rendah independensi dan akuntabilitas dengan relasi kelembagaannya kepada DPR. Abstract This paper discusses the independence and accountability of the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia (ORI) in carrying out their duties regarding potential intervention from the People’s Representative Council (DPR). A method is a qualitative approach, with library research data collection techniques and data analysis techniques through qualitative analytical descriptive techniques. Based on an assessment through the Instrument Institutional design and governance, Actual autonomy in exercising its mandate from the Westminster Foundation For Democracy (WFD), there are several assessments of independence and low accountability, namely on: (1) sufficiency of financial resources for performing its functions; (2) the extent of autonomy to generate its financial revenues; (3) security and stability of the budget during the past three years; and (4) stability of staff and extent of staff turn-over. In the future, ORI must improve several low scores on independence and accountability with its institutional relationship with the DPR. Keywords: Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia, independence, accountability, Power, Control
Cyber Legal Protection for Consumers in Cross-Border E-Commerce Transactions in the ASEAN Region Edy Krispono; Ahmad Redi
Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (December
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijlss.v3i4.667

Abstract

This article discusses cyber legal protection for consumers in cross-border e-commerce transactions in the ASEAN region, focusing on an analysis of Indonesian national regulations and the ASEAN regional framework. The rapid development of cross-border e-commerce brings significant opportunities for digital commerce, but also presents serious challenges in consumer protection, particularly regarding transaction security, information transparency, misuse of personal data, and cross-border dispute resolution mechanisms. Indonesia already has several relevant regulations, such as Government Regulation Number 80 of 2019 regarding Commerce Through Electronic Systems, Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions, Law Number 8 of 1999 concerned Consumer Protection, and Law Number 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection. Although these regulations provide a basic framework, they are still limited in nature and cannot address the complexities of cross-border transactions. At the regional level, ASEAN has issued the ASEAN Agreement on E-Commerce, which encourages the establishment of a safe, fair, and inclusive digital commerce ecosystem. However, its implementation still faces challenges in legal harmonization, differences in consumer protection standards, and limitations in cross-border dispute resolution mechanisms. Therefore, strategic steps are needed to harmonize regulations across ASEAN countries, establish a regional dispute resolution forum, and enhance cooperation between supervisory authorities in the areas of digital trade and personal data protection. It will ensure more effective cyber legal protection for consumers in cross-border e-commerce transactions, bolster public trust, and strengthen digital economic integration in the ASEAN region.
Co-Authors Edy Krispono Mohammad Ryan Bakry