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All Journal Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Mohamed Othman
Universiti Putra Malaysia
Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Two-level frame aggregation with enhanced A-MPDU for signal-to-noise ratio efficiency in IEEE 802.11n WLANs Fatoumata Sorra; Mohamed Othman; Umar Ali Bukar; Fahrul Hakim; Mohamed A. Alrashah; Anvar Saif; Mehrnaz Moudi
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 30, No 2: May 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v30.i2.pp1038-1046

Abstract

One of the most important frame aggregation features for enhancing the speed of IEEE 802.11n wireless local area networks (WLANs) through sharing headers and timing overheads is an aggregate MAC protocol data unit (A-MPDU). However, because aggregation overhead affects A-MPDU frame size, the A-MPDU performance falls short of user expectations. The variable signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is significantly decreased as a result of the influence of lost sub-frame on the volume of sub-frames that may be aggregated (the level of aggregation). In order to solve this issue, this study suggests an improved A-MPDU with reduced header overheads as well as a efficient two-level aggregation technique based on enhanced A-MPDU. To test the suggested plan, a simulation experiment was run on NS-3. The results show that the suggested two-level aggregation approach works better than the existing methods by achieving higher throughput, SNR, and a efficient medium access control (MAC) layer.
Dimensionless description of non-isothermal fixed-bed catalytic reactors Gulzukhra Turymbetova; Zhanat Umarova; Meruyert Yurtseven; Gamidulla Tileuov; Gaziza Yelbergenova; Ainur Bekzhigitova; Gulayna Beisenova; Mohamed Othman
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 15, No 4: August 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v15i4.12205

Abstract

This paper presents a dimensionless reaction–diffusion–energy model for a non-isothermal fixed-bed reactor. The model integrates chemical kinetics, mass transfer, heat transfer, and wall heat exchange within a unified framework. It is formulated in terms of dimensionless parameters, including the Damköhler, Peclet, Lewis, and Biot numbers, enabling the analysis of coupled transport and reaction processes within a consistent parametric space. To evaluate the stability of operating regimes, an integral energyefficiency index ne is introduced, quantifying the balance between heat generation and heat removal. Numerical results show that increasing the Damkohler number enhances conversion but also intensifies temperature gradients. Higher temperature sensitivity leads to stronger thermal feedback and the formation of pronounced temperature maxima. An optimal operating region (Da=2) is identified, where ne reaches a maximum (0.74–0.76), indicating that maximum conversion does not coincide with maximum energy efficiency. Model validation against data from an industrial phosphine oxidation reactor shows deviations within 5–7%, confirming its predictive capability. The proposed approach can be used for reactor design, optimization, and thermal regime analysis, providing a computationally efficient alternative to more complex models while preserving physical fidelity.
Co-Authors Ainur Bekzhigitova Anvar Saif Fahrul Hakim Fatoumata Sorra Gamidulla Tileuov Gaziza Yelbergenova Gulayna Beisenova Gulzukhra Turymbetova Mehrnaz Moudi Meruyert Yurtseven Mohamed A. Alrashah Umar Ali Bukar Zhanat Umarova