Silvia W Lestari
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An Update of Male Contraception: A Review of Cellular Perspective Silvia W Lestari
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 01.
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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Introduction: Similar to the world, Indonesia also undergoes a population explosion. One solution to overcome this population problem is to conduct contraception. Although woman contraception is widely used, still the role of man is needed. There are a few methods in male contraception, but all is still not proven optimally. Therefore, it is intend to understand more about the cellular mechanism of male contraception.  Methods: A computerized finding process of database in Pub med which related to the key words was performed for obtaining data. After that, the most update and relevant articles were reviewed and selected. Results: The results are mainly revealing the regimens that are administered in male hormonal contraception and substances that are used in immunocontraception. Furthermore, this reviews also reveales the cellular mechanism of both types of male contraception. In male hormonal contraception, the mechanism was depends on negative feedback in hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis by regimens to impair the spermatogenesis into severe-oligozoospermia or azoospermia. In addition, immunocontraception was based on ‘vaccination’ concept in which antibodies recognize proteins in the spermatozoa as "non-self” thus spermatozoa may be destroyed. Conclusion: It is necessary to understand the cellular mechanism, thus the development of male contraception increases.  Further researches should be conducted to confirm the cellular mechanisms.Keywords: Male hormonal contraception, Testosterone, Progestin, Negative feedback, Immunocontraception, Sperm antigen.
Spermatogonial Stem Cells: A Review of Essential Factor for Self-Renewal and Differentiation Silvia W Lestari
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 10 Issue 06: (2018) June 2018
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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Introduction: Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are considered as promising management for azoospermic patients who couldn’t obtain sperms from the epididymis or directly from testis on assisted reproductive technologies (ART) procedure. The newt highlights of the current research are the emphasis on the utilization of several substances in SSCs culture system which could maintain pluripotency or induce differentiation of SSCs. The objective of this work was to systematically review and discuss articles dealing with the subject of essential factors for self-renewal and differentiation of SSCs. Methods: To this purpose, a computerized search of PubMed database was performed on the general term such as in vitro culture, spermatogonial stem cells, growth factor, hormone and antioxidant. Results: The addition of growth factor, hormone, and antioxidant each play a distinct role in proliferation and differentiation of SSCs. The supplementation of a growth factor activates the cascade of signal transduction toward self-renewal regulation. The addition of hormones such as FSH and testosterone or an antioxidant such as retinoic acid stimulates the differentiation of SSCs in vitro in a certain concentration. Conclusion: The mechanism of these substances in maintaining the pluripotency or inducing cell differentiation varies. Successful development of the SSCs culture system will encourage utilization of SSCs through in vitro proliferation and artificial sperm formation followed by auto-transplantation even though proper investigation is still required prior clinical application.Keywords: Spermatogonial Stem Cell, Growth Factor, Hormone, Antioxidant
Human Sperm Chromatin Maturation: A Study of Prolactin Supplementation in Sperm Preparation Silvia W Lestari
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 06 (2020) June 2020
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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One of the management of infertile couples is assisted reproduction through the Intra Uterine Insemination (IUI). Paternal factor has been known to influence the success of IUI, such as sperm selection on preparation. Prolactin (PRL) is reported to select sperm with better DNA fragmentation on the preparation process. This study aimed to investigate sperm selection with better chromatin maturation quality, by the supplementation of PRL. Semen samples were obtained from 10 infertile men who experienced sperm preparation for IUI. Prepared sperm were incubated at 1000 ng/ml of PRL, followed by chromatin maturation test. Its index was determined as mature sperms in 100 sperms. The differences in sperm chromatin maturation showed a significant difference (p