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All Journal Global Strategis Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Dauliyah Journal of Islamic and International Affairs Unisia
Irawan jati
Universitas Islam Indonesia
Religion Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Social Sciences Other

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Playing with Words: The Securitization Construction of “Refugee” in ASEAN Politics Jati, Irawan; Sunderland, Emily
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/hi.62119

Abstract

ASEAN is playing with words among migrant, immigrants, asylum seekers, trafficked people and smuggled people terms to describe the enormous forced human movement from Myanmar. These terms are the representation of ASEAN’S securitization of humanitarian issues. It is unfortunate to see ASEAN unwillingness to entitle the term refugee where all of the necessary aspects are fulfilled. ASEAN has taken a very cautious political linguistic measure by evading the word “refugee” in their political dictionary. This article would like to examine the questions: why and how ASEAN securitized the refugee issue? And what are the political consequences for ASEAN if it keeps standing on its securitization policy? The discussion of this paper will be presented in Constructivist perspective approach. It argues that the construction of refugee in ASEAN is greatly influenced by its values that construct its collective security. In this respect, ASEAN is neglecting its role and identity as the defender of human rights in the region. Consequently, ASEAN’s refusal to comply with the international human rights regime will result in the organization in losing credibility and integrity. 
Critical Perspective on ASEAN's Security Policy Under ASEAN Political and Security Community Irawan Jati
Dauliyah Journal of Islamic and International Affairs Vol 1, No 01 (2016): Dauliyah (Journal of Islamic and International Affairs)
Publisher : UNIDA Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (192.633 KB) | DOI: 10.21111/dauliyah.v1i01.357

Abstract

  Despite economic integration challenges, ASEAN faces greater security challenges. It is obvious to assert that a stable economic development requires a secure regional atmosphere. The most probable threats against ASEAN are ranging from hostile foreign entities infiltration, intra and inter states disputes, radical religious movements, human trafficking, drugs and narcotics smuggling, cybercrimes and environmental disasters. In 2009, ASEAN established the ASEAN Political and Security Community as the umbrella of ASEAN’s political and security initiatives. APSC slots in some significant fora; ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR), ASEAN Foreign Ministers Meeting (AMM),  ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), ASEAN Defense Minister’s Meeting (ADMM), ASEAN Law Ministers Meeting (ALAWMM), and ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Transnational Crimes (AMMTC). The wide array of these forums signify ASEAN efforts to confront double features of security; the traditional and nontraditional or critical security. The traditional security considers state security as the primary object security. While the critical security tends to focus on non-state aspects such as individual human being as its referent object. Even though some argue that APSC has been able to preserve the stability in the region, it still lack of confidence in solving critical issues such as territorial disputes and irregular migrants problems.Therefore, this piece would examine the fundamental questions: How does ASEAN address beyond state security issues in its security policy through APSC? To search for the answer this paper would apply critical security studies approach. Critical security posits that threats are not always for the states but in many cases for the people. Based on the examination of ASEAN security policies, this paper argues that ASEAN’s security policy has touched the non-traditional security issues but showing slow progress on its development and application. 
Bilateral and Multilateral Approach of The United States and China Towards ASEAN Irawan Jati
Global Strategis Vol. 12 No. 1 (2018): Global Strategis
Publisher : Departemen Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Unair

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (484.465 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/jgs.12.1.2018.39-56

Abstract

The U.S. and China relations in Southeast Asia have been a long contesting history. It is no question that the U.S. and China are playing strategy to stronghold Southeast Asia for their gain. Both states seek greater influence by applying the multilateral and bilateral approach to ASEAN and its member states. In engaging to ASEAN, the U.S. and China joined ASEAN led multilateral forums such as the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) and ASEAN Plus Three. Traditionally, the U.S. and China already have bilateral diplomatic relations with all ASEAN member states. But it does not necessarily represent their deep commitment to the Southeast Asia region. Furthermore, ASEAN relations with the U.S. and China are overshadowed by the rivalry between the two major powers. The US increasing military tied with the Philippines and Thailand's strategic plan to acquire submarines from China are the recent development of rivalries between the two. Therefore, it is fascinating to examine how the US and China's bilateral and multilateral approaches affecting ASEAN and its member states policies. It is argued that ASEAN should maintain neutral performance in engaging with the U.S. and China. It also suggests that ASEAN member states should keep their 'community' identity to derogate the possible deterioration of the stability in the region. Hubungan antara Amerika Serikat (A.S) dan Tiongkok di kawasan Asia Tenggara memiliki sejarah persaingan yang panjang. A.S dan Tiongkok memainkan strategi untuk menguasai Asia Tenggara demi kepentingan mereka. Kedua negara berusaha untuk mencapai pengaruh yang lebih luas dengan melakukan pendekatan multilateral dan bilateral pada ASEAN dan negara anggotanya. Dalam hubungaannya dengan ASEAN, A.S dan Tiongkok terlibat dalam forum multilateral ASEAN seperti ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), dan ASEAN Plus Three. Secara tradisional, A.S dan Tiongkok telah memiliki hubungan diplomasi bilateral dengan negara anggota ASEAN. Namun hal tersebut belum menunjukkan komitmen utama mereka di kawasan Asia Tenggara. Lebih jauh lagi, hubungan ASEAN dengan A.S dan Tiongkok dibayangi oleh persaingan antar kedua negara besar tersebut. Peningkatan hubungan militer A.S dengan Filipina dan rencana strategis Thailand untuk membeli kapal selam dari Tiongkok merupakan perkembagan teranyar dari persaingan antar kedua negara tersebut. Oleh karenaya, artikel ini akan menganalisis bagaimana pendekatan multilateral dan bilateral yang dilakukan oleh A.S dan Tiongkok mempengaruhi kebijakan ASEAN dan negara anggotanya. Argumen utama dalam artikel ini adalah ASEAN harus tetap mempertahankan netralitas dalam kebijakannya terhadap A.S dan Tiongkok. Artikel ini juga merekomendasikan agar ASEAN dan negara anggotanya tetap berpegang pada identitas ‘komunitas’ untuk menghindari kemungkinan eprpecahan di kawasan.
Critical Perspective on ASEAN Security Community under ASEAN Political and Security Community Irawan jati
Unisia Vol. 36 No. 81 (2014): Jurnal Unisia
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Despite economic integration challenges, ASEAN faces greater security challenges. It isobvious to assert that a stable economic development requires a secure regional atmosphere.The traditional and nontraditional threats encounter ASEAN home land security. The mostprobable threats portraying ASEAN are hostile foreign entities infiltration, intra and inter statesdisputes, radical religious movements, human trafficking, drugs and narcotics smuggling, andeven cybercrimes. To this point, ASEAN has taken constructive measures such as establishingconsultative forums, the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), ASEAN Defense Minister’s Meeting(ADMM) and ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Transnational Crimes (AMMTC). In 2009, ASEANadopted the ASEAN Political and Security Community. One of its stated purposes is to sharesecurity responsibility of each ASEAN member through constructivist approach. However,APSC has far of being success to achieve its ideal mission. Therefore, this piece would criticallyexamined the fundamental questions: how does ASEAN security policy through APSC meet itsinterest to secure ASEAN region? To search for the answer it would apply constructivismapproach. Constructivism ponders the significance role of regional security institution such asAPSC in security structure. It suggests that regional security community should be build basedon shared values among states in a region. Constructivist’s regional security model will be usedas the explanatory model for APSC case. While the Regional Security Complex (RSC) theorywould be employed to analyze the security dynamic is ASEAN. Itargues that the APSC is able tocreate pivotal security forums but lack of confidence in tactical level. It also suggest thatAPSC’s policies are laid in triangualar basis; rely on dialogue, establishing forums andinnitiatives, and rely on non-legal binding principle.
Co-Authors Sunderland, Emily