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DINASTI MAMLUK DI MESIR DAN KEJAYAANNYA St. Aisyah Abbas
Ash-Shahabah : Jurnal Pendidikan dan Studi Islam Vol. 6 No. 2 (2020): Ash-Shahabah: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Studi Islam
Publisher : Fakultas Agama Islam Universitas Islam Makassar (UIM)

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Abstract

This article discusses the Mamluk Dynasty in Egypt and its glory. From the results of the discussion it can be understood that the presence of the Mamluk dynasty in Mesia, not only as a ruler, but also as a savior for the world and Islamic civilization, because this dynasty was able to defend the center of his power from the Mongol attack and defeat the Mongol army in Ayn Jalut under leader of Baybars (1260-1277 AD), although this dynasty was a dynasty of slaves, who came from various tribes and nations, but he was also able to create a military oligarchic order in foreign territory. These slave sultans asserted their control over the Syrian-Egyptian territory, which had previously been controlled by the crusaders. For some time they managed to put a halt to the attack of Mongol troops led by Hulagu and Timur Lenk. If they fail to survive, of course the entire history and culture in West Asia and Egypt will change drastically. Thanks to their persistence, Egypt survived, and survived the mongolian attacks that had destroyed Syria and Iraq at that time, so that the Egyptian population could continue to witness the continuity of culture and political institutions as a phenomenon that was not enjoyed by other Islamic countries outside the Arab land.