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Kaitan Antara Homomorfisma Pada Graf dan Homomorfisma Pada Aljabar Graf Nurhidayah, Nunung; Rosjanuardi, Rizky; Yusnitha, Isnie
Jurnal EurekaMatika Vol 3, No 1 (2015): Journal EurekaMatika
Publisher : Program Studi Matematika Jurusan Pendidikan Matematika FPMIPA UPI

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Abstract

ABSTRAK. Diberikan graf berarah  dan  serta masing-masing aljabar-  yang terkait dengan graf tersebut, yakni  dan . Selanjutnya aljabar-  ini disebut sebagai aljabar graf. Homomorfisma pada graf adalah pemetaan  dari E  ke  yang mengawetkan struktur graf. Sama halnya untuk aljabar-    dan , homomorfisma pada aljabar graf  dan  merupakan pemetaan  dari  ke  yang mengawetkan struktur aljabar-  Rosjanuardi dan Albania (2012) menyatakan bahwa automorfisma pada graf  dapat menginduksi automorfisma pada aljabar graf . Selanjutnya, dari hubungan ini dapat diperoleh bahwa aksi  dapat menginduksi suatu aksi .Kata Kunci : aljabar graf, homomorfisma, automorfisma dan aksi. ABSTRACT. Let  and  be directed graphs and their associated -algebras respectively,  and . We call this -algebras as graph algebras. Graph homomorphism is a map  of E to  such that preserves the structure of graph. Moreover for graph algebras  and , their homomorphism is a map  of  to  such that preserves the structure of graph algebras  Rosjanuardi and Albania (2012) said that an automorphism of  induces an automorphism of graph algebras . Furthermore, from this relation we get an action  induces an action .Key word : graph algebras, homomorphism, automorphism and action.
Kaitan Antara Homomorfisma Pada Graf dan Homomorfisma Pada Aljabar Graf Nurhidayah, Nunung; Rosjanuardi, Rizky; Yusnitha, Isnie
Jurnal EurekaMatika Vol 3, No 1 (2015): Jurnal EurekaMatika
Publisher : Mathematics Program Study, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (268.108 KB) | DOI: 10.17509/jem.v3i1.11192

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Diberikan graf berarah  dan  serta masing-masing aljabar-  yang terkait dengan graf tersebut, yakni  dan . Selanjutnya aljabar-  ini disebut sebagai aljabar graf. Homomorfisma pada graf adalah pemetaan  dari E  ke  yang mengawetkan struktur graf. Sama halnya untuk aljabar-    dan , homomorfisma pada aljabar graf  dan  merupakan pemetaan  dari  ke  yang mengawetkan struktur aljabar-  Rosjanuardi dan Albania (2012) menyatakan bahwa automorfisma pada graf  dapat menginduksi automorfisma pada aljabar graf . Selanjutnya, dari hubungan ini dapat diperoleh bahwa aksi  dapat menginduksi suatu aksi .Kata Kunci : aljabar graf, homomorfisma, automorfisma dan aksi. ABSTRACT. Let  and  be directed graphs and their associated -algebras respectively,  and . We call this -algebras as graph algebras. Graph homomorphism is a map  of E to  such that preserves the structure of graph. Moreover for graph algebras  and , their homomorphism is a map  of  to  such that preserves the structure of graph algebras  Rosjanuardi and Albania (2012) said that an automorphism of  induces an automorphism of graph algebras . Furthermore, from this relation we get an action  induces an action .Key word : graph algebras, homomorphism, automorphism and action.1
Implementation of the problem based learning (PBL) model using ICT-assisted reading text media to increase reading interest in class ii students of SDN 3 gunungsari Hendarsih, Heni; Nurhidayah, Nunung
Current Issues on Elementary Education Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana UPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ciee.v2i2.64609

Abstract

The aim of this research is to determine the level of reading interest of class II students after implementing learning using the Problem Based Learning model in Indonesian language subjects at SDN 3 Gunungsari. The background of this research is based on the low reading interest of class II students in Indonesian language subjects with capital letters. In reality, at school, it is still difficult for students to be invited to read, let alone understand the content of the reading. The method that the author uses in this research is the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method. The results of the research can be seen from the level of students' interest in reading through the Problem Based Learning learning model which has increased further. This can be seen through the learning practices that have been carried out. In cycle I, the results of the learning test using the Problem Based Learning model obtained the highest result of 100 and the lowest result of 60 with an average of 84. There were 3 students with scores below the KKM, there were 3 students who managed to get the standard KKM score, then the students who 5 people managed to get a score above the KKM. Meanwhile, in cycle II, the results of student knowledge in learning using PBL were with the highest score of 100 and the lowest score of 60 with an average of 92.7%, thus experiencing an increase of 23.6%. Even though there was 1 student who still got a score below the KKM. There were 8 students who got a score of 100, 2 students who got a score of 80, 1 student who got a score of 60
Enhancing Teacher Attendance Discipline through the Implementation of Reward and Punishment Systems in Elementary Schools Nurhidayah, Nunung
Journal of Social Studies Arts and Humanities (JSSAH) Vol 4, No 1 (2024): Vol 4, No 1 (2024): Journal of Social Studies, Arts and Humanities
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/jssah.v3i2.7807

Abstract

Teacher discipline plays a pivotal role in maintaining instructional quality and professional integrity within educational institutions. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of applying reward and punishment systems in improving teachers’ attendance discipline during classroom teaching activities at SD Negeri Cibalagung 2, Bogor City. The research utilized a School Action Research (SAR) design, conducted in two cycles involving ten elementary teachers. Data were collected through observation sheets, attendance records, and documentation, then analyzed descriptively to assess behavioral improvement. The findings revealed a significant increase in teacher punctuality and classroom presence, with the rate of delayed attendance (15 minutes) decreasing from 47.83% in the first cycle to 0% in the second. The implementation of clear incentives and corrective sanctions not only enhanced compliance but also fostered accountability and motivation among teachers. These results suggest that a well-structured reward and punishment mechanism can effectively strengthen organizational discipline, improve teaching consistency, and support the creation of a positive school culture oriented toward quality education.