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All Journal International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE)
Chibuike Peter Ohanu
University of Nigeria
Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Output performance evaluation of the automatic voltage regulator system on pre-filter control technique Chibuike Peter Ohanu; Kenneth Chinonso Odo; Luke Uwakwe Omeje; Tole Sutikno
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Vol 14, No 2: June 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v14.i2.pp789-798

Abstract

Automatic voltage regulator (AVR) is used at each generating station or synchronous generators to maintain voltage supply at steady state or at a constant value otherwise the performance of the generator will be affected. The combination of AVR system with controllers clears fluctuation due to variation in load, speed, temperature, and power factor. This causes deviation in generator’s voltage and damage to power equipment. This work presents performance enhancement of AVR system using Proportional Integral and Derivative (PID) with pre-filter control technique. The enhanced performance was achieved by designing a nonlinear model of a synchronous generator, a PID controller and a low pass filter or pre-filter using MATLAB/Simulink model. The introduction of the proposed PID controller with LPF at load variation of 20 seconds, reduces the rise time and the peak time to 5.2975 seconds and 12.31 seconds respectively. This increases the overshoot and the settling time to 4.28 seconds and 17.60 seconds. However, the developed scheme provides a stable time response performance for various desired generator voltages considered. The performance of the proposed scheme was compared with conventional PID controlled AVR system without LPF. The proposed scheme provides more stability as indicated by the percentage overshoot, which is 4.5788% (for PID) and 4.2765% (for PID with prefilter). This has contributed to knowledge an AVR control system with better performance in terms of rise time, peak time, overshoot and settling time for stabilized generator output voltage.
Voltage stability analysis of power transmission systems using multi-index framework of hybrid whale and particle swarm optimization technique Titus Terwase Akor; Theophilus Chukwudolue Madueme; Chibuike Peter Ohanu; Tole Sutikno
International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 15, No 3: September 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v15.i3.pp1439-1457

Abstract

The persistent increase in grid collapse has necessitated the need for robust solutions for stability. Hybrid whale and particle swarm optimization (WAPSO) algorithm integrated with multi-index stability indices (MIS) has been applied to enhance voltage stability in this paper. The method is tested on the Nigeria 48-bus, 330 kV transmission system and simulated in MATPOWER embedded in MATLAB. The WAPSO algorithm is optimized with parameters w = 0.4, c₁ = 1.4 and c₂ = 1.5. The outcome achieved 98.84% reduction in mean MIS from 0.3959 to 0.0048 and a robustness index of 0.0051. This depicts low variability of 0.057 and 100% success rate across five dynamic scenarios explored such as gradual load growth with 98.79%, sudden spikes achieved 98.84%, cyclic fluctuations at 98.67%, renewable uncertainty at 98.74%, and N-1 contingencies at 98.84% improvement, respectively. Critical lines, 34-35 and 24-33 exhibit more than 99% MIS improvement, while weak lines, 21-22 and 24-40 achieved 85–87% enhancement, indicating areas for further reinforcement. The LSI and FVSI are reduced to 0.0048 and 0.1477 showing 56.79% improvement respectively as against the 38.9% MIS improvement obtained with the PSO-GA. This demonstrates WAPSO as a highly robust and adaptable technique offering a scalable solution for enhancing grid reliability under dynamic conditions.
Co-Authors Kenneth Chinonso Odo Luke Uwakwe Omeje Theophilus Chukwudolue Madueme Titus Terwase Akor Tole Sutikno