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Mohamad Arif
Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Kediri
Religion Social Sciences

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DINAMIKA ISLAMISASI MAKKAH & MADINAH Mohamad Arif
ASKETIK: JURNAL AGAMA DAN PERUBAHAN SOSIAL Vol. 2 No. 1 (2018): Asketik: Jurnal Agama dan Perubahan Sosial
Publisher : Prodi Sosiologi Agama

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Abstract

The development of Islam during the time of Prophet Muhammad, through various kinds of trials and challenges, faced to spread it. At the beginning of Prophet Muhammad SAW. got a revelation from Allah SWT. which called for humans to worship him, received great challenges from various circles of Quraysh. This happened because at that time the Quraysh had another offering of idols made by themselves. Because of such circumstances, the first da’wah performed in Mecca was conducted in secret, especially since the number of people who converted to Islam was very small. Quantity of people who embraced Islam more and more days, God also ruled the Prophet to do da’wah openly. Increasingly new believers brought by Prophet Muhammad SAW. Allah SWT. ordered the Prophet Muhammad along with other Muslims to emigrate to the city of Medina. This is where a new chapter of Islamic progress begins. Islamic propagation done by the Prophet either secretly or openlyreceived various responses (responses). Although it can be said that Arab society in the city of Makkah there is a sincere acceptance of Islamic teachings, in general, the Arab community of Makkah city refused and did not want the presence of Islam and Muslims and Muslims in the city. After several years of individual accusation, the orders were taken for the Prophet to openly indict and the next step was to accuse the general. The Prophet began calling the whole society to Islam openly. After the accusation of the light, the Quraish leader began to try to obstruct the Apostle’s doom. The increasing number of the Prophet increasingly stronger the challenges of the Quraisy. According to Ahmad Shalabi, five factors encourage quraisy people to opposethe call of Islam: 1) They cannot distinguish between prophethood and power. 2) Prophet Muhammad called on the noble right with hambah sahaya. 3) The Quraysh cannot accept the teachings of the resurrection and the vengeance of the Hereafter. 4) Taklid to the ancestors is a deeply entrenched habit in the Arab nation. 5) Sculptors and sculptors view Islam as a barrier to sustenance. There are many ways that the leaders of quraisy prevented propaganda from the diplomatic way Muhammad accompanied by persuasion until the violencewas launched to stop the propagation of the Prophet. But the Prophet Muhammad remained in the position to broadcast the religion of Islam.
SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR DI PESANTREN SALAF Mohamad Arif
ASKETIK: JURNAL AGAMA DAN PERUBAHAN SOSIAL Vol. 1 No. 1 (2017): Asketik: Jurnal Agama dan Perubahan Sosial
Publisher : Prodi Sosiologi Agama

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Salaf pesantren is an institution that is still strongly bound by old traditions. By inheriting and maintain continuity of Islamic tradition developed by scholars from time to time indefinite periodesasinya, has elements which include clerics, students, cottage / hostel, mosque, recitals of classical texts / yellow book, applying the method bandongan, sorogan, wetonan, principled firmly on Islamic education material. Pesantren Salaf urgently need progress in science and technology. Pesantren Salaf there are many who “failed” to preserve its own leadership weights, weak in preparing a “succession” Kyai guardians comparable with the foregoing, let alone exceeded. Answering the needs of the era, schools Salaf open formal educational institutions. Sensitivity pesantren Salaf against the phenomena that appear in the society is a social concern and reflexive owned even are characteristic. So that the aspirations of the people making the boarding school received the development and advancement of science and technology. The real step taken is establishing formal educational institutions from kindergarten through college. The character of a scholar is asceticism and totality. On the other hand, people still expect the efficacy of the function and role of pesantren Salaf like period once, without knowing that it is actually what is expected it is experiencing overcast condition and shrinkage. Expenses are given the added weight and more and more, but the ability to lift a boarding school in general was declining. Source overcast condition and depreciation mainly boils down to the weight and quality of the “clerics who brought up”. Both in terms of science, wisdom, exemplary, sincerity, and shelter to the people.
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