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EKSTRAKSI GLUKOMANAN DARI PORANG LOKAL (Amorphophallus oncophyllus dan Amorphophallus muerelli blume) Aryanti, Nita; Abidin, Kharis Yohan
METANA Vol 11, No 01 (2015): Juli 2015
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1416.188 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/metana.v11i01.13037

Abstract

Abstrak Porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus dan Amorphophallus muerelli blume) merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman yang memiliki potensial baik secara teknologi maupun secara komersial dalam segi medis, industri serta pangan. Porang memiliki kandungan glukomannan yang tinggi, yaitu sebesar 45-65%. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada ekstraksi dua jenis umbi porang yaitu porang putih (Amorphophallus oncophyllus  ) dan porang kuning (Amorphophallus muerelli blume) dengan tujuan menentukan yield ekstraksi glukomannan dan mendapatkan karakteristik glukomannan meliputi kadar glukomannan, morfologi dengan SEM dan gugus fungsi dengan FTIR. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui 4 tahap, yaitu (1) tahap pembentukan tepung porang, (2) tahap analisa tepung porang, (3) tahap ekstraksi glukomannan dari tepung porang, dan (4) analisa produk glukomannan. Variabel kendali dalam penelitian meliputi : suhu operasi 75%, kecepatan pengadukan 4000 rpm, dan waktu ekstraksi 15 menit. Variabel bebasnya berupa jenis tepung porang (porang putih dan porang putih), dan jenis pelarut (alumunium sulfat dan air, etanol). Produk kemudian di analisa dengan kadar KGM (konjac glukomannan), struktur molekul dengan FTIR (fourier transform infra red), dan morfologi dengan SEM (scanning electron microscope). Untuk tepung porang putih memiliki kadar air 13,477%, kadar abu 4,612%, kadar pati 47,554%, kadar amilosa 17,536%. Sedangkan untuk porang kuning memiliki kadar air 12,326%, kadar abu 3,901%, kadar pati 5,598%, kadar amilosa 16,948%. Untuk hasil ekstraksi dari tepung porang putih dengan pelarut air diperoleh kadar glukomannan 73,70% dan untuk pelarut etanol diperoleh kadar glukomannan sebesar 64,67%. Analisa morfologi tepung glukomannan porang putih dan kuning untuk pelarut air menghasilkan panjang gelombang yang lebih besar dibandingkan pelarut etanol pada panjang gelombang 3000-3700 cm-1. Hasil analisa struktur permukaan pada tepung glukomannan porang putih dan porang kuning dengan pelarut air memiliki bentuk permukaan oval yang persebarannya tidak seragam tanpa adanya struktur jarum, sedangkan dengan pelarut etanol memiliki struktur jarum yang merupakan struktur Ca-oksalat. Kata Kunci : glukomannan, Porang, ekstraksi  AbstractPorang is one of the plants having high glucomannan content, about 45-65% which is potentially applied both in medical or food industry. This study focused on the extraction of the two types of porang, white porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) and yellow Porang (Amorphophallus blume muerelli). The aim of this study is to determine the yield of glucomannan extraction and its characteristics including the levels of glucomannan, morphology and specific functional groups. This research comprosed (1) the formation of porang flour, (2) the analysis of porang flour, (3) the extraction of glucomannan from porang flour, and (4) analysis of glukomannan product. The control variables were temperature of 75oC, stirring speed of 4000 rpm, and the extraction time for 15 minutes. The product was analyzed by levels of KGM (konjac glucomannan), FTIR (fourier transform infra red) for specific fungtional groups, and particle morphology with SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). White porang flour had moisture content of 13.477%, 4.612% ash content, 47.554% starch content, and 17.536% amylose content. While for the yellow porang, the moisture content of 12.326%, ash content of  3.901%,  5.598%  starch content,  and  16.948% amylose content were found. The extract from white porang flour with water solvent obtained glucomannan levels of 73.70% and for ethanol solvent obtained glaucoma-nnan levels of 64.67%. Analysis of morphology of the glucomannan flour from white and yellow porang with water solvent produce greater wavelength than the one extracted with ethanol solvent at 3000-3700 cm-1. Results of analysis on surface structures is the glucomannan flour from white and yellow porang with solvent water has a non-uniform oval surface shape without needle structure, whereas the glucomannan flour with ethanol solvent has a needle structure reprensenting a structure of Ca-oxalate.         Keyword: Glucomannan, Porang, Extraction
Effects of Transglutaminase on the Gel Properties of Indonesian Catfish Surimi Using Response Surface Methodology Royanti, Ida; Nandyawati, Dewi; Putri, Renny Primasari Gustia; Kusumasmarawati, Ambar Dwi; Abidin, Kharis Yohan; Pradiva, Molina Indah; Dewi, Rizky Aulia Prasasti; Gebrina, Amanda Dwi; Purwoto, Heri; Widyasti, Erma
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 20, No 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : :Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.1027

Abstract

Surimi is a myofibrillar fish protein, extracted mainly from marine fish, which is commonly used to produce fish balls, crab imitation products, and various other seafood substitutes. However, finding an alternative fish from freshwater, such as freshwater catfish, is important, although its drawbacks include low gel strength and water-holding capacity. To address this problem, transglutaminase addition can maintain the surimi quality. This study aimed to improve catfish surimi characteristics by optimizing surimi production with various transglutaminase concentrations and incubation times. It used Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Design (CCD) to evaluate the effect of Enzyme Concentration and Incubation Time. The result showed that the catfish surimi gel strength, chewiness, whiteness, and water-holding capacity were respectively 927.513 g.cm, 3,747.18 g, 79.95 %, and 91.37 %. It was obtained by the optimum condition of surimi production with the addition of 0.85 % w/w transglutaminase and an incubation time of 36 minutes. The overall study provides insight for surimi producers to maintain surimi characteristics from freshwater fish, such as catfish.