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Sumaryono Sumaryono
Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Optimasi sistem kultur dan media untuk peningkatan tinggi tunas in vitro kelapa sawit Masna Maya Sinta; Rizka Tamania Saptari; Imron Riyadi; Sumaryono Sumaryono
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 91 No. 1 (2023): 91 (1), 2023
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v91i1.511

Abstract

Optimization of in vitro shoot growth is necessary to shorten the culture time and produce vigorous oil palm plantlets. This research was conducted to determine the best media and culture techniques to accelerate in vitro shoot growth of oil palm. Shoots of oil palm derived from somatic embryogenesis were grown on DF media with two culture systems (solid medium and double-layer) combined with hormone treatments (0.5-1 mg L-1 giberellin/GA3 and 0.5 mg L-1 Benzyl amino purine/BAP or thidiazuron/ TDZ). Further optimization was conducted using different bottle closures (polypropylene screw caps and plastic wraps) and macronutrients (standard or double concentrations). This research was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD), with each treatment consisting of 5 bottle replications and each bottle consisting of 5 shoots. The results showed that media with double-layer system combined with GA3 (0.5-1 mg L-1) and TDZ (0.5 mg L-1) gave the highest shoot height increment. The use of double-strength macronutrient media combined with screw bottle caps increased shoot height (136-167 %) and decreased shoot tip necrosis (0-24 %). Plastic wrap bottle caps increased shoot tip necrosis (STN), while doubling macronutrients reduced STN. The growth of oil palm shoots began to slow down after 5 weeks of culture. In conclusion, the optimal conditions for in vitro shoot growth of oil palm were at usage of double-layer media added with GA3 0.5-1 mg L-1, TDZ 0.5 mg L-1, and double macronutrients on bottle jars with polypropylene screw caps.
Callus induction and regeneration of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. Zambli through somatic embryogenesis from four layers of young leaves explant Masna Maya Sinta; Rizka Tamania Saptari; Imron Riyadi; Sumaryono Sumaryono
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 92 No. 2 (2024): 92(2), 2024
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v92i2.588

Abstract

The Zambli variety of date palm shows potential for cultivation in tropical regions, as its fruits are edible during the Rutab stage. However, large-scale production of Zambli seedlings presents a significant challenge. In vitro propagation offers a solution for producing large quantities of clonal planting material. This study focuses on inducing callus formation from the four-layered shoot tips of young leaves and regenerating these calli into plantlets through somatic embryogenesis. Explants were cultured on a modified MS medium with 10, 50, or 100 mg L-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), combined with 1 or 3 mg L-1 N6-(2-isopentenyl)adenine (2-iP). Embryo maturation was performed on the same medium without 2,4-D, while a hormone-free medium was used for plantlet regeneration. The results indicated that the highest callus induction occurred from the younger leaf layer (layer 1) in the medium containing 100 mg L-1 2,4-D and 1 mg L-1 2-iP, achieving a callus formation rate of 82.3%. Successful callus induction was achieved from the first, second, and third layers of young leaves. Somatic embryo maturation and plantlet regeneration were also completed, producing vigorous, well-rooted plantlets. Additionally, the development of date palm cv. Zambli in vitro culture through somatic embryogenesis was confirmed through histological analysis.
Co-Authors Imron Riyadi Masna Maya Sinta Masna Maya Sinta Rizka Tamania Saptari